Science Revision

Atoms

Elements, compounds and mixtures

Separation Techniques

Chemical Reactions

Nucleus - Contains Protons and Neurons, size is 1/10000 of an atom

Electrons move in shells

Radius of 0.1 nanometers (1x10^-10)

Positive charge due to protons

Most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus

The number of protons is the same as the number of electrons, meaning atom has no charge

Negatively charged

Almost no mass

Atomic number = number of protons, mass number = number of protons and neutrons

Elements are a group of 1 type of atom

118 different elements

represented by symbols

Isotopes are elements with different numbers of neutrons

ions are elements with differing amount of electrons

Mixtures are elements not chemically bonded together

Chromatography

image

Used to separate inks

Distillation

image Simple Distillation

image Fractional Distillation

Used to separate 2 liquids with different boiling points

Used to separate multiple liquids with different boiling points

image Filtration, used to separate solids

image Crystallisation, used to separate soluble salts

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