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Muscular System, Ana Chen Period 1 (Disorders (Muscle cramps: make it…
Muscular System, Ana Chen Period 1
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3 Types of Muscle tissue
Skeletal
Structure
longest muscle, with striations
Function
voluntary movement, rapid contraction, mobility
Cardiac
Structure
intercalated discs, striations and nucleus
Function
involuntary movement, contraction of the heart at a steady rate, speed for short time.
Smooth
Structure
no striations, smooth shape (thus "smooth muscle"
Functiom
involuntary movement, lines the walls of hollow organs (digestive systems)
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Body Movement
- Synergist: Adds extra force (fixator, immobilizes a bone for stability)
- Antagonists: muscles that revers (relax and stretch)
- Prime mover/agonist: responsible for producing specific movement
Disorders
Muscle cramps: make it temporarily impossible to use the affected muscle with cases typically occurring during hot weather, during exercise, or during physical activities
Fibromyalgia: widespread musculoskeletal pain that researchers believe is caused by amplified pain sensations as perceived by the brain
Compartment syndrome: caused by swelling or bleeding after an injury that leads to an increase in pressure
Cerebral palsy: impairment or loss of motor function as a result of brain damage. affects muscle control, body movement, muscle coordination, reflexes, muscle tone, and balance.
Muscular dystrophy: leads to weakness and loss of muscle mass. They are primarily caused by gene mutations that interfere with the production healthy muscle proteins. Many different types.