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Humanities exam semester 2 Year 9 (Food security (Climate and Climate…

- - - - A Biome is a area with specific climate and vegetation, for example a tundra is a cold, treeless biome.
    - - Aquatic is an water based ecosystem, while terrestrial is a land based ecosystem
    - - Solar insolation is the amount of solar radiation an ecosystem receives. It is important because ecosystems rely on their normal amount of solar insolation and any disruption to that can hurt the ecosystem, e.g if the tundra had more solar radiation, the snow would melt and trees would grow.
    - - There is more solar insolation around the equator, and as the latitude moves towards the poles there is less solar insolation.
    - - Precipitation is water that falls from the clouds in the forms of sleet, hail, rain, snow.
    - - Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold an area is, which is determined by how much sun it can get.
    - - Humans are making factories that are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and these gases are getting trapped in the ozone layer. They are then warming up the planet because they are trapped. This is called the greenhouse event. The ozone layer is also beginning to degrade and weakening in certain areas
  - - - Australia is positioned near both the equator and the south pole (at different ends) and because of this, Australia has a very diverse range of ecosystems from the tropical rainforests in north Queensland to the icy mountains in southern Tasmania.
    - - Australian ecosystems in Queensland, specifically the tropical rainforests, resemble a lot of south america. The dessert in central australia is similar to desserts in the middle of Africa, and the great barrier reef is similar to many reefs around the world, specifically around islands.
  - - - Humans are making factories that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which heats up the earth, and cannot escape because the ozone layer keeps these gases in, so they heat up the earth.
    - - The ice caps are melting at both poles because of the increased temperature, and in the future, if it is not stopped, both poles will melt, and many polar species will be lost.
    - - The water from the melted ice caps will raise the sea level causing other countries to have their coastal towns flooded.
- - - - Upper house
      - Represented by red
      - Smaller house, 40 people
    - - Larger house, 88 people
      - Lower house
      - Represented by green
- - - - An animal who eats both meat and plants. e.g, a human.
    - - A staple food is an easy to grow and mass produce food often at the base of a particular area of the world's cuisine, for example, wheat is easy to grow in Europe, so a lot of their food ends up with bread or wheat in it.
    - - Biomes that are not to hot or cold, and that are flat so grasslands, and forests if cut down.
  - - - Food security means that you have access to safe, nutritious food that meets your dietary requirements and that it is from a sustainable food source (if you have access to hunting, for example, that is not sustainable because maybe one day you won't kill anything). Food insecurity is the opposite, when you do not have access to safe, nutritious food and a sustainable food source.
    - - If climate change continues, food security is at risk. The areas where we grow crops will get too hot and the land will become infertile. Land degradation due to overgrazing, among other factors can also leave much of the worlds land unusable as livestock fields and well us unusable for crops.
    - - Locally, people will begin to try and grow their own food in a desperate effort to have food. Food prices will go up because crops will have to be imported. Globally, people will begin to starve if food cannot get to them, and we will not have enough food to feed the growing population.
  - - - If the climate of an area is too humid, dry, hot or cold, it can mean that food cannot be produced there. If it is to dry it can't get water, too hot it might shrivel and die, and too cold it will freeze. If we don't have areas will a balanced, neutral climate, food production will become significantly harder
    - - Positive aspects are that it is bringing the world together against a common issue. The negative is that it will destroy crops, cause the sea levels to rise, cause many natural disasters that will kill many people and ultimately it will destroy this earth and make it inhospitable
    - - Poorer countries are at risk as they are less likely to be able to pay to import food and also will lose the land they have to land degradation. Climate change will effect areas where people live in very cold climates and melt the ice around them. It will also affect those living on the coasts as the poles will melt and raise sea levels.
    - - https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1zfvyO9gCt9Rius3FaGtwG0SVV7DreW6y98hTfArH3pw/edit?usp=sharing
  - - - Land degradation can be caused by many things, including overgrazing, tourism and introduced plant and animal species. Water degradation is cause by pollution in water and other things such as oil spills and mining activities.
    - - If land degrades, it can mean less viable crop land. Water degradation can kill fish and sec creatures which are a primary source of food for many people and areas. Both of these things will really put food security under threat if the continue.
  - - - As the population grows, food production also needs to grow, and it is, but not enough. The population is growing so fast that we cannot speed up food production fast enough, and this is leading to future food insecurity
- - - - Product: What are they selling?
      - Price: How much those items cost?
        
        Take into account need for profit
        
        Also make sure not too much profit per item or people won't buy it
      - Place: Where are they selling it?
        
        Online
        
        In store
      - Promotion: How do they advertise?
        
        Magazines
        
        Billboards
  - - - Sole trader
        
        Combination of positive and negative
        
        Complete responsibility
        
        Positives
        
        Retain all profit
        
        Easy to set up and shut down
        
        Negatives
        
        Responsible for all debt
        
        Can be stressful to make all decisions
        
        Examples
        
        Cafe
        
        Florist
        
        Homemade candles
        
        A business owned and run by one person
      - Partnership business
        
        Combination of positive and negative
        
        Profit distributed evenly
        
        Negative
        
        Everyone responsible for debt
        
        Decisions can take a long time to be made
        
        Positives
        
        More peoples ideas
        
        Workload shared
        
        A business owned and run by 2-20 people
        
        Examples
        
        Restaurant
        
        Franchise
        
        Tech company
        
        Real estate
- - - - Important for plants and animals living there
    - - Vegetation
      - Precipitation
      - Elevation
    - - The amount of solar energy an area receives
    - - Aquatic: Water based
      - Terrestrial: Land based
    - - Long coast line
      - Geological hostory
      - Large in size
    - - Climate change
        
        Ice caps melting
        
        Sea level rising
        
        Temperature is rising
      - Effects of climate change
        
        Coastal towns and islands flooding
        
        Salt levels in the sea are changing
        
        Animals effected
        
        Agriculture effected
        
        Animals losing habitats and food
        
        Ocean temperature changing
  - - - Poverty
      - No land space for crops
      - Over populated
        
        Changing consumption pattern
      - War or conflict
      - Droughts/flooding
      - Climate/Weather
      - Fresh water shortage
        
        Water degradation
        
        Land degradation