The Muscular System Kennedy Abraham Per.5

3 types of Muscle Tissue and major functions

Body movement Terminology

Structure and organization of skeletal muscle

Names of Muscles

Physiology of muscle contraction

Cardiac Muscle: Cells are branched and has single central nucleus, and are joined to another cell at intercalated disc

Smooth Muscle: Has no striation and appears smooth, and controls movement inside internal organs

Skeletal Muscle: Cells are long, multinucleated, and are attached by tendons to bones.

Body- main part of the muscle

Tendons- strong cords of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Insertion- end of a muscle attached to the bone that moves when a muscle occurs

Ligaments- strong cords of fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Origin - end of a muscle that attaches to the bone but does not move when contraction of the muscle occurs

Bursae- synovial-lined sacs containing synovial fluid

Prime mover- contraction is mainly responsible for movement

Synergist- helps primary mover

extension increases the angle between 2 bones

antagonist- oppose the action of a prime mover

flexion decreases the angle between 2 bones

as muscles contracts it pulls insertion bone closer to origin bone

  1. Myosin attaches to actin
  1. Myosin head moves toward M-line
  1. Ca++ binds the actin myofilament, exposing the myosin binding site
  1. Repeated many times powered by ATP
  1. Nerve impulse travels down sacrolema
  1. Z lines get closer together

deltoid

biceps brachii

stemocleidomastoid

masseter

Tibialis

frontal

rectus femoris

zygomaticus

vastus lateralis

Orbicularis oris

fibularis longus

Temporalis

trapezius

external oblique

gluteus medius

adductor magnus