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Ramos Carmen per.5 Muscular System (names of the muscle ((head-front)…
Ramos Carmen per.5 Muscular System
Major functions of the muscular system
Movement/motion : change in body position and movement. 2. Posture: maintain body position which stabilizes joints making body posture. 3. Thermogenesis- contraction from muscles produces heat.
3 types of muscle tissues and their major functions/ characteristics
Types of muscle tissues:
Skeletal muscle: Characteristics: Cells are long, cylindrical, parallel, and multinucleated. // Functions: moves bones along with other skeletal structures. This moves because of the contracting and relaxing in response to the nervous system sending voluntary messages.
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Cardiac muscle:
Characteristics: cells are long, cylindrical, branched, and has single central nucleus. (striated) //Functions: contracts that pumps blood.
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Smooth muscle(visceral muscles): Characteristics: Cells are spindle-shaped with single central nucleus and has no striations so it appears smooth. //Functions: makes organs such as the stomach and bladder. This changes for body functions. This contracts by involuntary movements caused by impulses through autonomic nervous system.
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body movement(terminology)
Prime mover: this muscle contraction is responsible for producing given movement.
Synergist: this muscle contraction helps the primary mover.
Antagonist: the muscle opposes actions of the prime muscle.
names of the muscle
Temporalis
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus
Frontalis
Masseter
Sternocleido-mastoid
(head-front)
Pectoralis major
Deltoid
Biceps brachii
Rectus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
Brachioradialis
Flexor carpi radialis
Upper body (chest, arm, and abdomen area)
Plectinous
abductor longus
gracilis
sartorius
Pelvic area
Recuts femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Upper-left leg
Tibialis anterior
Peroneus longus
Lower leg (both)
structure and organizational levels of the skeletal muscle
physiology of muscle contraction (sliding filament theory)
Nerve impulse or action potential travels down sarcolemma and into T-tubules, causing sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca++ into sarcoplasm.
2.Calcium binds to actin myofilament, exposing the myosin binding site.
Myosin attaches to actin, forming actin/myosin cross-bridges.
Myosin head moves toward M-line of sarcomere, pulling actin filaments past myosin.
This action is repeated many times powered by ATP.
Z lines get closert together. Actin and myosin pass each other. Sarcomeres shorten (H zone dissapears = myofibril shortens entirely.
Back of muscles names
Temporalis
Sternocleidomastoid
(head-back)
Trapezius
Deltoid
Triceps brachii
Larissmius dorsi
External abdominal oblique
Internal abdominal oblique
Upper body(back ,arm,)
Gluteus maximus
Abductor magnus
Biceps femoris
Semitendimosis
Upper back leg
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Lower back leg