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Concept of Infection Diagnosis of Candida glabrata (Clinical…
Concept of Infection
Diagnosis of Candida glabrata
Additional medical diagnosis #1: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Clinical Manifestations
Shortness of breath
Fatigue and weakness
edema in legs, ankles and feet
Rapid or irregular heartbeat
Reduced ability to exercise
cough or wheezing with white or pink blood-tinged phlegm
rapid weight gain from fluid retention
Difficulty breathing
Etiology
hypertension
cardiomyopathy
Coronary artery disease and heart attack
Arrhythmia
Diabetes
#
Epidemiology
25% more common in African Americans than whites
6% of population ages 80-89
Diagnostic Tests
Echocardiogram
• Left ventricle wall thickness increased
• L atrium mildly dilated
• R atrium dilated
• Mild regurgitation of the mitral valve
• Mild to mod. Tricuspid regurgitation
• Grade III (severe) L. ventricular diastolic abnormality
• Elevated L. ventricular filling pressure
• Mild pulmonary Htn.
#
MRI
Not completed at regional--> no results
ECG
Results not recieved
Related concepts
Tissue integrity
#
#
Mobility
Perfusion
Pain and comfort
Medications
Diuretics
#
Ace Inhibitors
Beta Blockers
Nursing Interventions
Monitor heart rhythm
Restrict sodium intake to restrict fluid overload
Assess respiratory function
Administer diuretics
Monitor sweling/edema
Additional Medical
diagnosis #2: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Etiology
inadequate insulin secretion
excessive/inappropriate glucagon secretion
insulin resistance
Epidemiology
3 million+ cases/year
more common with increased age
very common
Diagnostic Tests
2-hour plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher during a 75g OGTT
random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL or higher
fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 126 mg/dL or higher
Related Concepts
Perfusion
#
tissue integrity
Mobility
Medications
Regular insulin
insulin glargline (lantus)
insulin lispro (humalog)
Nursing Interventions
The patient will demonstrate the proper steps to take and interpret his blood sugar, as well as calculate and administer the correct dose of insulin by the end of his hospital stay.
Clinical Manifestations
fatigue
#
areas of darkened skin
increased thirst or hunger
Slow healing or frequent infections
increased Blood glucose levels >105
#
Etiology
Hands of healthcare workers
Contaminated solutions
hyperalimentation
Presence of in-dwelling devices*
#
neonate age
Epidemiology
0.69% of population
use of fluconazole--> development of more infections to due forming resistance
non-albicans strains increasingly common
Candida species are responsible for 8-10% of blood infections
Psychosocial issues/family dynamics
barriers/stressors that impact family functioning
Family dynamics affecting plan of care
Resources available to assist family functioning
Diagnostic tests
Blood Culture* abnormal, but unknown-->cause for Blood PCR
serological markers and molecular methods to identify DNA
Blood PCR* Positive DNA for Candida glabrata
Clinical Manifestations
• fever, chills
• skin rash
#
• generalized weakness or fatigue*
• low blood pressure*
• muscle aches
• vision changes or signs of an eye infection*
#
• headaches and neurological deficits
• abdominal pain*
Related concepts
Infection
Tissue integrity
Pain and comfort
Medications
Micafungin (mycamine)
Nursing interventions
Administer anti fungal medication
Promote wound healing to prevent further infection