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cardiovascular system (heart (pericardial membranes (pericardium cavity…
cardiovascular system
heart
layers of heart wall
myocardium layer(middle layer)
epicardium layer(external layer)
endocardium layer(inner layer)
microscopic anatomy of myocardium
striated cardiac muscle cells
intercalated disc
plenty mitochondrion
1-2 nucleus
has gap junctions
actin and myosin in sarcomere
pericardial membranes
pericardium cavity
pericardial fluid for heart lubrication
visceral layer
parietal layer
fibrous pericardium
heart valves
bicuspid valve
pulmonary semilunar valve
tricuspid valve
aortic semilunar valve
conduction system of heart
main components/ specialized fiber for conducting
SA node/pace maker- in atrium.
initiates contraction impulse & send to all atrium through gap junction
AV node in atrium
delay signal
purkinjes fibers
stimulate ventricle contraction
bundle branches
inter ventricular septum
Bundle of his
connect atrium to ventricle
blood vessels
capillary types
fenestrated- more leaky
choroid plexus
endocrine glands
kidney
small intestine
sinusoid - large pores
red bone marrow
spleen
liver
continuous - least leaky
CNS
skin skeletal muscles
lungs
location -all over body except
lens
cornea
cartilage
epithelial tissues
vein types
medium sized vein
have valve
few elastic fibers
venules
1-2 layers of smooth muscle
some material exchange
smallest & collect blood from capillaries
large veins
smooth muscle in tunica externa layer
carry blood to the heart
artery types
muscular/distributing
take blood to organs most distal arteries
popliteal artery
deep palmer artery
arterioles
1 -2 layers
change diameter to regulate blood flow
elastic/ conducting
move large amount of blood most proximal artery
pulmonary trunk
large branches from aorta
aorta
function; carry blood away from heart
blood, a connective tissue.
cells
erythrocytes
bag of hemoglobin
contain iron
formed in red bone marrow
bind with oxygen
no nucleus
crescent shape
thrombocytes
smallest
created in red bone marrow
stop bleeding
not true cell
clot formation with fibrinogen
leukocyte
eosinophil
reddish/ orange/pinkish color surrounding nucleus
lymphocytes
big nucleus with small crescent shaped without nucleus
basophil
no clear nucleus- more grain like
monocytes
large in size (3-4 times RBC size)
neutrophil
rope like nucleus
plasma
amino acids
nutrients
protein
globulin
protection against pathogens
fibrinogen
for blood clotting
albumin
maintain water in blood vessel
gases
nitrogenous waste
electrolytes
100 different molecules
90%= water