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Anatomy (4.4 (Connective tissue functions include the following : (Support…
Anatomy
4.4
Connective tissues ; the most diverse tissues of the body. Bone, blood, and fat are similar connective tissues that have very different functions and properties.
All connective tissues have three basic components : specialized cells, protein fibers, and a fluid known as ground substance.
Epithelial tissue consists almost entirely of cells, the extracellular matrix accounts for most of the volume of connective tissues.
Connective tissues are distributed throughout the body but are never exposed to the outside environment.
Many connective tissues are highly vascular and contain receptors that provide pain, pressure, temperature, and other sensations.
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Physical properties of their matrix, connective tissues are classified into three major types :
Connective tissue proper : consists of many types of cells and fibers within a matrix containing a syrupy ground substance. Examples are the tissue that underlies the skin, fatty tissue, and tendons, and ligaments.
Fluid connective tissues : have a distinctive population of cells suspended in a matrix of watery ground substance containing dissolved proteins. The two fluid connective tissues are blood and lymph.
Supporting connective tissues : have a less diverse cell population than connective tissue proper, and a matrix of dense ground substance and closely packed fibers. The body contains two supporting connective tissues : cartilage and bone. The fibrous matrix of bone is said to be calcified because it contains mineral deposits (primarily calcium salts) that give the bone strength and rigidity.
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Connective tissue proper : contains a varied cell population extracellular fibers, and a syrupy ground substance. Some cells of connective tissue proper are "permanent residents" ; others are not always present because they leave to defend and repair areas of injured tissue.