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Atomic Structure (Background radiation (Where does it come from? (Many…
Atomic Structure
Background radiation
What is it?
Where does it come from?
Many sources
What is irradiation?
Exposure to radiation
What is contamination?
Radioactive particles getting onto objects
What does the seriousness of irradiation and contamination depend on?
The source radiation type
Outside the body, beta and gamma sources are the most dangerous
Alpha is less dangerous outside the body because it cannot penetrate the skin
Inside the body, alpha source is the most dangerous
This is because they do all their damage in a very localised area
Beta sources are less damaging inside the body as radiation is absorbed over a wider area and some pass out of the body all together
Developing the model of the atom
What did John Dalton come up with?
What did JJ Thomson come up with?
What did Rutherford come up with?
Rutherford replaced the Plum Pudding Model with the Nuclear Model
What did Bohr come up with?
What is the modern structure of the atom?
The Nuclear model
Alpha, Beta & Gamma
Properties of Alpha
What are the uses?
Properties of Beta
What are the uses?
Properties of Gamma
What are the uses?
What is half life?
Draw a graph of half life
How do you calculate half life?
Half down the y axis, across to x
Half life is the amount of time it takes for half the amount of radioactive substance to decay
Is decay a random or controlled process?
Decay is a totally random process
What is an isotope?
Different forms of the same element
They have the same number of protons (atomic number), but a different number of neutrons (mass number)
