Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Non-vascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts (Character of Non…
Non-vascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts
Character of Non-vascular Plants
nonvascular plants are embryophytes that do not have vascular tissue
multicellular sporangia and gametangia
made of true parenchyma
almost exclusively terrestrial
not very large
Division Bryophyta: Mosses
The Sporophyte Generation
has a true epidermis
the apex differentiates as a caplike lid, the operculum
the peristome teeth are complex and respond to humidity
Metabolism and Ecology
their small size and lack of conducting tissue are two critical factors
have a thin incomplete cuticle; they can dry up easily
you can find them in moist environments
most thrive in 0 degrees Celsius
The Gametophyte Generation
Development
growth begins with germination and goes all the way to mitosis
protoneme; alga-like cells that grow from the spores
Reproduction
sperm are in the antherdia
eggs are in the archegonia
they can occur in the same gametophore
water transport
hydroids; conduct water and dissolve minerals
leptoids= like sieve cells
water is conducted along the exterior of their stems
rhizoids; small, multicellular trichome-like structures that penetrate the surface of the substrate; anchor the stem
Morphology
the stems (gametophoes) grow close together
they grow from an apical meristem that contains a prominent apical cell
one cell thick
they have little protection against desiccation
Division Hepatophyta: Liverworts
The Gametophyte Generation
leafy liverworts
gametophore is similar to mosses
thallose liverworts
flat and ribbon-like; no scales
thallus= b=no roots, stems, or leaves
two round lobes and no midrib or conducting tissue
arranged in three rows
males produce an umbrella-shaped outgrowth called an antheridiophore
The Sporophyte Generation
little variability
they have a foot, seta, and calyptra
seta is very delicate and composed of clear thin walls
some do not undergo meiosis
Division Anthocerotophyta: Hornworts
The Gametophyte Generation
thin on the outside and gets thicker
they live for about one year
they cannot tolerate dry weather
they have numerous chambers
archegonia are formed from superficial cells
The Sporophyte Generation
no discrete sporophyte
just above the foot is a meristem that produces new sporangium tissues
Hornworths;a submerged aquatic plant with narrow forked leaves that become translucent and horny as they age
