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chapter 13 (13.1 blood vessels (capillaries ((capillary arrangement varies…

- - - - strong and thick walled vessels
        
        walls have distinct layers
        
        1.tunica interna
        
        surrounds lumen and is composed of layer endothelium (simple squamous epithelium.
        
        a basement membrane and an internal elastic lamina
        
        2.tunica externa is the thickest layer
        
        1 more item...
        
        ARTERIOLES `1. very small arteries 2.deliver blood to capillaries in tissues 3. play a major role in regukating blood flow to capilalries and therefore regulate blood pressure.
        
        vasoconstriction decreased vessel volume decreased blood flow increades blood pressure. vasodilation/ increases vessel volume increades blood flow decrased blood pressue
  - - - permit the exchange of gases nutrients and waste between blood and tissue. connect arterioles to venules. are composed of only a single layer of endothelium and basement membrane.
      - capillary arrangement varies by tissue supplied. A. higher cellular needs brain muscle more elaborate network B. lower cellular needs less branching.
        
        regulation of capillary blood flow A. smooth muscles control blood entry into capillary beds. B. metabolic need controls precapillary sphincter.
- - - - peripheral resistance opposition to blood flow usually due to friction. Total Peripheral resistance.
    - - circulatory process 100mm hg base of aorta
        
        A. needed to force blood through arterioles and into capillaries. 1.arterial pressure measured on arm. 2. capillary 3.venous pressure