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05.01 European Geography (Word bank (political geography, physical…
05.01 European Geography
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How Has Europe Changed?
The changes that took place in Europe over the last four hundred and fifty years have been striking. The empires are gone, the wars over religion and territory have stopped for now, and the population has skyrocketed. Modern Europe is no longer like the Europe that existed in 1650.
In 1650, the Thirty Years' War had just ended. This war was fought when princes in what is modern-day Germany rebelled against the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor for the freedom to worship as Protestants. When the war ended, there was a declaration of religious tolerance. The idea of a Catholic empire, ruled by one leader and guided by the pope, was over. It was the beginning of modern Europe.
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In the mid-17th century, nearly every nation had one official religion. The official religion of a country or empire was that of its monarch. Italy and Spain were the most thoroughly Roman Catholic nations. Other countries, such as the Dutch Republic, were primarily Protestant. Some countries permitted those of a different faith to live within their borders, though often as second-class citizens. People with no religious beliefs dared not say so out loud.
hese days Europe is known for its religious tolerance and stable political systems. This, however, did not happen overnight. Europe struggled for centuries to find the peaceful balance it currently maintains.
To understand how different modern Europe is from the Europe of the 17th century, review some demographic data for modern Europe.
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