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Oesophageal Varices (Pathophysiology (Portal HTN - results from increased…
Oesophageal Varices
Pathophysiology
Portal HTN - results from increased pressure in the sinusoid from increased activity from the Stellate cells (Proliferate and secrete collagen) in the perisinusoidal space.
Circulatory system starts re-directing blood away from the liver due to the increased pressure from the portal vein - called Portosystemic shunt.
The veins in the oesophagus are dilated due to this increased pressure in the portal vein = engorged veins
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Symptoms
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Black, tarry or bloody stools
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Investigations
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Blood tests - LFT, FBC, U&E
Treatment
IV Octreotide = decreases blood flow, inhibits vasodilation.
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