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Infection (Bacterial (Gram + (Streptococcal (skin diseases (Cellulitis,…

- - - - S.aureus (pyogenic cocci)
        
        Pyogenic inflammation
        
        Acute tissue damage
        
        Pyogenic bacteria- chemoattractant PMN
        
        Pus
        
        Local destructiveness
        
        furuncle- abscess of hair follicle
        
        paronychia- nail bed
        
        SSSS
        
        impetigo
        
        burn injury
    - - G(+) pyogenic cocci in pairs or chains
      - b-hemolytic
        
        Group A
        
        Scarlet fever
        
        Erysipelas
      - skin diseases
        
        Cellulitis
        
        Erysipelas
        
        Sterptococcal pharyngitis
        
        Scarlet fever
  - - - Pseudomonas aeruginosa: G(-) bacilli
      - burn injury
      - Ecthyma gangrenosum
      - External oitis (swimmer's ear)
  - - - anaerobic G(+) bacilli
      - spores in soil
      - pathogenesis
        
        collagenase
        
        hyaluronidase
      - Clostridia perfringes
        
        Cellulitis
        
        foul odor
        
        discolored exudate, tissue necrosis
        
        Gas gangrene
        
        myonecrosis
        
        bullous vesicle- fluid exudate
        
        gas bubble
- - - - normal flora in skin, mouth, GI tract
      - forms: yeasts, pseudohyphae
      - PAS stain: red
      - GMS stain: black
      - superficial infection: healthy person
        
        Vaguinitis
        
        Oral thrush
        
        Esophagitis
      - disseminated infection: immunocompromised patient
        
        Kidney: microabscess
        
        Heart: right sided endocarditis (drug addict)
        
        Lung: hemorrhagic necrosis (invasion of vessel)
        
        Brain abscess
  - - - Encapsulated yeast
      - Pigeon droppings
      - Polysaccharide capsule: inhibits phagocytosis
      - Mucin stain: bright red
      - PAS stain: red
      - GMS stain: black
      - Pathology
        
        Primary pulmonary infection (asymptomatic)
        
        solitary granuloma (cryptococcoma)
        
        yeasts in the macrophage and multinucleated giant cell
        
        Immunocompromised: soap-bubble lesion
        
        Gelatinous mass in meninges or small cyst in gray matter
  - - - Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
        
        hypersensitivity by superficial colonization of bronchial mucosa
      - Colonizing aspergillosis (aspergilloma)
        
        ball in hole: fungal hole in pulmonary cavity
      - Invasive aspergillosis
        
        Necrotizing pneumonia
        
        paranasal sinusitis