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Central, Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System (Central Nervous System…

- - - - .connect cerebellum to cerebral cortex
        .formation nuclei
        .autonomic behavior
    - - .cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory center
        .autonomic behavior
        .formation nuclei
        
        decussation of pyramidal
        
        crossing one side to other
        
        cranial nerve nuclei
        
        .cranial nerve connect with brain
        .10/12 connect brain stem
        (except olfactory/optic)
        
        pyramidal
        
        precentral gyrus
        
        sensory tract
        
        PNS to CNS
    - - .motor movement (eyes)
        .auditory
        .visual
        
        cerebral peduncles
        
        .pyramidal motor tract
        .cerebrum to spinal cord
        
        corpora quadrigemina
        
        Reflex center of vision, hearing
        
        superior colliculi
        
        visual reflex
        
        inferior colliculi
        
        auditory reflex
  - - - cerebellar peduncles
        
        middle
        
        cerebellum to pons
        
        inferior
        
        .cerebellum to medulla oblongata
        .proprioceptor
        
        superior
        
        connect cerebellum to midbrain
  - - - autonomic nervous system
        
        .emotion
        .motivational behavior
        .formation of memory
      - endocrine nervous system
        
        .regulate body temperature
        .hunger/thirst
        .sleep/awake
    - - pineal gland
        
        .secret melatonin (prepare us sleep)
    - - .All sensory information to cortex
        .several nuclei
        ."tone down" signal
  - - - .motor root spinal cord (axon from motor root)
        .cell body in gray matter
    - - .transmit sensory information
        .sensory root spinal cord
    - - fibrous connective tissue
    - - bundle/rootles spinal cord
    - - .lower end spinal cord
        .stabilizes entire spinal cord
    - - .cluster neuron cell body
        .sensory neuron
  - - - temporal lobe
        
        .Auditory, olfactory cortex
        .recognition face, word
        .language
      - occipital lobe
        
        Visual cortex
      - parietal lobe
        
        .receive sensory information
        .awareness of object
        .awareness general somatic sensation
      - insula
        
        general visceral sensory cortex
      - Frontal lobe
        
        .planning
        .thinking
        .decising
    - - .motor cortex
        .Pyramidal cell
    - - .somatosensory cortex
        .aware of sensation
    - - .production of speech
        .left hemisphere
        .anterior
    - - .read word
        .naming object
        .left hemisphere
    - - Commissural
        
        .connect one hemisphere to other
        .corpus callosum
      - Projection
        
        .longest tract
        .sensory
        .motor
      - Association
        
        connect same hemishpere
    - - White Matter
        
        .tract
        .myelinated axon
        .non-myelinated axon
      - Cerebral nuclei
        
        .neuron cell bodies
        .non-myelinated neuron
        .dendrites
      - Cortex
        
        .gray matter
        .neuron cell bodies
        .short non-myelinated neuron
        .dendrites
  - - - subdural space
        
        very little fluid
      - subarachnoid space
        
        cerebrospinal cord fluid
        
        .nourish brain
        
        created by choroid plexus
      - epidural space
        
        .fill with adipose (fat)
    - - .form cerebrospinal fluid
        .next work capillary-blood leaky
        .ependymal cells surround
    - - arachnoid matter
        
        .subarachnoid space
        
        cerebrospinal fluid
        
        blood vessels
      - pia matter
        
        .fibrous CT
        .vascular-rich capillary
      - dura matter
        
        .dense fibrous CT
        
        meningeal portion
        
        subarachnoid space
        
        film of fluid
        
        periosteal portion (layer)
        
        dural venous sinuses
        
        cerebrospinal fluid return to blood
- - - - Abducens (VI)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception of 1 extrinsic eye muscle
        
        somatic motor
        
        control 1 extrinsic eye muscle
      - Accessory (XI)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception from sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
        
        somatic motor
        
        control sternocleidomastoid, trapezius muscle
      - Trochlear (IV)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception of 1 extrinsic eye muscle
        
        somatic motor
        
        control 1 extrinsic eye muscle
      - Hypoglossal (XII)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception from muscle of tougue
        
        somatic motor
        
        control tongue muscle
      - Oculomotor (III)
        
        somatic motor
        
        .controls 4 extrinsic eye muscle
        .muscle eyelid
        
        visceral motor
        
        .parasympathetic (control pupil diameter , lens shape
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception of 4 extrinsic eye muscle
    - - Facial (VII)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception muscle of facial expression
        
        somatic motor
        
        control muscle facial expression
        
        special sensory
        
        taste/ anterior 2/3 of tongue
        
        visceral motor
        
        parasympathetic lacrimal glands, submandibular, sublingual glans
      - Glossopharyngeal (IX)
        
        general sensory
        
        proprioception muscle swallowing
        
        visceral sensation baroreceptors , chemoreceptor
        
        somatosensation oral mucosa, tongue
        
        somatic motor
        
        control muscle of swallowing
        
        special sensory
        
        taste/ posterior 1/3 of tongue
        
        visceral motor
        
        parasympathetic parotid salivary glands
      - Trigeminal (V)
        
        general sensory
        
        maxillary
        
        somatosensation
        
        upper lip
        
        nasal cavity mucosa
        
        lower eyelids
        
        upper gums and teeth
        
        skin of cheek
        
        palate
        
        mandibular
        
        somatosensation
        
        anterior 2/3 tougue
        
        muscle of mastication
        
        lower gums and teeth
        
        skin of chin and temples
        
        ophthalmic
        
        somatosensation
        
        upper eyelid
        
        nasal cavity mucosa
        
        eyebrown
        
        cornea
        
        nose
        
        lacrimal glands
        
        skin of forehead
        
        somatic motor
        
        control muscle of mastication (mandibular brach)
      - Vagus (X)
        
        general sensory
        
        visceral sensation baroreceptor, chemoreceptor, thoracic and abdominal viscera
        
        proprioception muscle swallowing and speech
        
        somatic motor
        
        control muscle swallowing and speech
        
        special sensory
        
        taste from epiglottis
        
        visceral motor
        
        parasysmpathetic thoracic, abdominal viscera
    - - Optic (II)
        
        special sensory
        
        vision
      - Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
        
        special sensory
        
        vestribular
        
        equilibrium
        
        cochlear
        
        sound
      - Olfactory (I)
        
        special sensory
        
        oflaction
  - - - posterior root
        
        posterior rootlets
        
        sensory root
      - posterior root ganglia
        
        .sensory neuron
        .cluster neuron cell bodies
      - anterior root
        
        anterior rootlets
        
        motor root
        
        spinal nerve
        
        anterior ramus
        
        somatic innervation
        
        2 more items...
        
        .anterior neck
        .ventral lateral trunk
        
        posterior ramus
        
        somatic innervation
        
        2 more items...
        
        .posterior neck and back
    - - lumbar nerve
        
        L1-L5
      - sacral nerve
        
        S1-S5
      - thoracic nerve
        
        T1-T12
      - coccygeal
        
        Co1
      - cervical nerve
        
        C1-C8
      - Dermatome
        
        Are of skin innervated by branches of spinal nerve
    - - brachial plexus
        
        sensory
        motor
        
        radial nerve
        
        innervated upper limbs
        
        ulnar nerve
        
        musculocutaneous nerve
        
        median nerve
        
        axillary nerve
      - lumbar plexus
        
        sensory
        motor
        
        femoral nerve
        
        innervated anterior thigh
        
        obturator nerve
        
        adductor muscle
      - cervical plexus
        
        .sensory
        .motor
        
        phrenic nerve
        
        .innervated diaphragm
      - sacral plexus
        
        sensory
        motor
        
        sciatic nerve
        
        innervated all lower limbs
- - - - rest and digest
    - - craniosacral
        
        brain -sacral of spinal cord
    - - fiber do not
      - ganglia far CNS
        
        close in or near visceral organ innervated
      - short postganglionic axon
      - release acetylcholine
    - - cholinergic
      - long preganglionic
    - - stomach
      - pancreas
      - lungs ( constricts)
      - gall bladder
      - salivary glands
      - bladder
      - eye (constricts pupil)
      - genitals (erection)
    - - Heart
  - - - fight or flight response
    - - thoracolumbar
        
        thoracic - superior lumbar of spinal cord
    - - ganglia lie near target organ
        
        close to CNS vertebral column
        spinal cord
        
        fiber branch profuse
        
        long postganglionic axon
        
        neurotransmitter release norepinephrine
    - - cholinergic
      - short preganglionic
    - - blood vessels
      - sweat glands
      - lens of eyes
      - arrector pili
      - iris of eyes
      - adrenal medulla
      - airways of lungs
      - liver
      - heart
      - genitals (ejaculation)
    - - pancreas
      - gall bladder
      - stomach
      - bladder
      - salivary glands