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Fatty Acid Degredation (Activation of Fatty Acids and Transport into…
Fatty Acid Degredation
Accessing Fatty Acids that are Stored in Triacylglycerols
Degradation of Triacylglycerol– releases fatty acids and glycerol into the blood
Activation of Fatty Acids and transport into mitochondira
Degradation of Fatty Acid into Acetyl CoA– for processing the Citric Acid Cycle
Degradation of Triacylglycerols
– releases fatty acids and glycerol into the blood
Epinephrine and Glucagon stimulate lipolysis
Occupied Epinephrine and Glucagon Receptors active Adenylate Cyclase
Adenylate Cyclase turns ATP into cAMP
cAMP activates Protein Kinase A
Protein Kinase A phosphorylates perilipin & hormone-sensitive lipase
Phosphorylation activates Adipocyte Triacylglyceride Lipase (ATGL)
ATGL initiates lipid breakdown
Activation of Fatty Acids and Transport into Mitochondria
Co-enzyme A attaches and activates FAs
Two-step reaction
Acyl Adenylate Intemediate
Pyrophosphatase renders the reaction irreversible
Carnitine Acyltransferase I catalyzes the transfer of the fatty acid to carnitine
Translocase transports the acyl carnitine into the mitochondria
In the mitochondria carnitine acyltransferase II transfers the fatty acid to CoA
Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids
Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of the beta-carbon and generates trans-delta^2-enoyl CoA and FADH2
Enoyl CoA Hydratase hydrates trans-delta^2-enoyl CoA and yield L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA
L-3-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase oxidizes L-3-hydroxyacl CoA and generates 3-ketoacyl CoA and NADH
Thiolase cleaves 3-ketoacyl CoA forms acetyl CoA and a 2-C shorter FA