Nonverbal Communication
Haptics
This positive power that touch is encountered by the potential for touch to be threatening because of its connection to sex and violence
Touch is necessary for human development, and it can be welcoming, threatening, or persuasive
1.functional-professional level, touch is related to a goal or part of a routine interaction which can become more threatening
2.social-polite level, socially sanctioned touching behaviors push intimate interactions and shows others are included and respected
Refers to the study of communication by touch
Vocalics
Repetition: Vocalic cues reinforce other verbal and nonverbal cues
Complementing: Vocalic cues elaborate on or modify verbal parts of a message
Accepting: Vocalic cues allowing us to emphasize certain parts of a message which helps with meaning
Substituting: Vocalic cues can take a place of verbal or nonverbal cues
Regulating: vocalic cues help regulate the flow of a conversation
Contradicting: Vocalic cues may contradict other verbal or nonverbal signs
Proxemics
Proxemics refers to the study of how space and distance inlfuence communication
Proxemic Distances: we all have different definitions or what our "personal Space' is, and these definitions are contextual and depends on the situation and the relationship
intimate space
Personal Space(1.5-4 feet)
which is reserved for only closest friends, family, romantic/intimate partners
Personal and intimate zones refer to the space that starts at our physical body and extends four feet. These zones are reserved for friends, close acquaintances and significant others
Social Space (4-12 feet)
This distance is preferred in many professional settings because it reduces the suspicion of any impropriety. The expression " keep someone at an arms length" means that someone is kept out of the personal space and kept in a social/ professional space
Public space (12 feet or more)
Public are social zones that refer to the space of four or more feet away from our body, the communication is usually like this and not intimate
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Speaking rate refers to how fast or slow a person speaks and can lead others to form impressions about our state, credibility and intelligence
Para language provides important context for the verbal content of speech
pitch helps convey meaning, regulate conversational flow; and communicate the intensity of a message
Vocalics is a study of paralanguage, which includes the vocal qualities that go along with verbal messages
3.friendship warmth level, touch is more important and more ambiguous than the social-polite level. serve a relational maintenance purpose and communication closeness, liking, care and concern
4.love-intimacy level, touch is more personal and is typically only exchanges between significant others
Territoriality
is an innate drive to to take up and defend spaces. this drive is shared by many creatures and entities ranging from packs of animals to individuals humans of nations
Chronemics
sometimes our claim to space is official. these spaces are known as our primary territories because they're understood to be ours and under control
refers to the study of how time affects communication. time can be classified into several different categories, including biological, personal and physical
Personal Representation and Environment
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involves two components; our physical characteristics and the artifacts with which were adorn to and surround ourselves
Physical characteristics include body shape, height, weight, attractiveness and other physical traits and features of our bodies
Types of non verbal communication
kinesics
gestures
means "movement" and refers to the study of hand, arm, body and face movements
Adapters are touching behaviors and movements that indicate internal states typically related to arousal or anxiety. can be targeted toward the self, objects, or others
emblems have a specific agreed-on meaning.
illustrators are the most common type of gesture and are used to illustrate the verbal message they come with
eye contact
Head Movements and posture
an innate universal head movement is the headshake back and forth to signal "no"
both used to acknowledge others and communicate interest or attractivness
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meting eyes
- regulating communication, we use eye contact to let the others known we see and understand them
- monitor interaction by taking in feedback and other nonverbal cues to send information
- information to others
Oculesics
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4.communicates that we are paying attention and are interested in what another person is saying
pupil dilation is a subtle component of oculesics that does'nt get as much scholarly attention in communication as eye contact does. pupil dilation refers to the expansion and contraction of the black biometric form of measurement
faces are the most expressive part of our bodies
the universality of a core group of facial expressions: happiness , sadness, fear, anger and disgust. the fist four are especially identifiable across cultures.
smiles are powerful communicative signals and are a key immediacy behavior
people generally perceive smiles as more genuine when the other person smiles "with their eyes". this particular type of smile is difficult if not possible to fake
facial expressions
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non verbal communication is a process of generating meaning using behavior other than words
as operating side by side
RIGHT: the ability to recognize facial expressions
LEFT: the ability to speak, read and understand language