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Pulmonary Fibrosis (Risk factors (injury (Symptoms (Screenings (Lung…
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Risk factors
injury
Damage to epithelial/endothelial cells
inflammatory mediators and initiation of an anti-fibrinolytic coagulation cascade
Plugs the damaged vessels w/ platelet & fibrin rich clot
Platelet recruitment progresses into vasodilation with increased permeability - increased leukocytes to the area
Neutrophils and lymphocytes to the area w/ macrophages to clear the area
Inflammatory cytokines and growth factors
IL-1 & LPA
TGF beta
CTGF
IGF-1
Imbalance of cytokines/growth factors leads to surplus of myofibroblast production
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infection
autoimmune
external factors/teratogens
Moldy crop: straw, corn, silage, grain and animal byproducts
Contain the spores of special, heat-tolerating bacteria
Two types of bacteria: Micropolyspora faeni and Thermoactinomyces vulgaris
Inhale a large amount of dust and spores from moldy hay
Immune system produces antibodies to attack antigens (bacteria)
Trigger allergic reaction by further exposure
White blood cells move into the lungs to attack the antigens
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Farmer's Lung Disease
What to look for
elevated WBC count
Fever
SOB
Tightness in chest
Acutely: tachycardia/tachypenia
Tobacco
Symptoms
Dry, hacking cough
Fast, shallow breaths
Loss of appetite and Gradual unintended weight loss
Rapid heart rate
Aching joints and muscles
Clubbing of fingers and toes
Screenings
CT Scan
Chest X-ray: normal
Echocardiogram
Lung function
Pulmonary Function Test
Exercise stress test
Arterial blood gas test
Medications
pirfenidone (Esbriet) and nintedanib (Ofev)-**
Glucocorticoids
Anti-acids for acid reflux
Cough medication
Treatment Methods
Pulmonary therapy
Oxygen Therapy
Lung Transplant
lung allergy challenge test
lung biopsy
Blood test for antibodies
a sudden general feeling of sickness
cigarette smoking
occupational exposure-farming
silica fibers
bird or animal dropping
asbestos fibers
radiation therapy
coal dust
heavy metal dust
grain dust