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Islam (in the cities there are (Civil buildings, Military buildings, Corn…
Islam
in the cities there are
Civil buildings
Military buildings
Corn exchange
Especial partsto others religions
Public Baths
Main mosque
Madrasah
Residential areas
Medina
Muhammad
Hegira 622
From Mecca to Medina
1 year Muslim calendar
Jihad
Holy war
Aged 40
he saw the
Archangel Gabriel
divine message
Born in Mecca
570
Muhammad became
successful in Medina
630
Muslims defeated inhabitants
Muhammad
returned to the city.
suppressed polytheistic cults
but not the
Kaaba.
Mecca was
Islam religious centre.
632
Muhammad died
most part of the Arab tribes
submitted to him
Muhammad's successors were:
The caliphs
Political structure
Emmirs
governors of provinces
Qadis
judges
handing out justice.
Vizier
ministers
like advisors of caliph
charge of the government
Diwans
treasurers
collect taxes.
Caliph
highest:
religious and political authority.
Society was in this order:
People that converted to Islam
People withmoney that can pay the taxes
People with money tht converted to Islam
Salves
they didn´t converted
They couldn´t pay taxes
People with money and Arab Origins
What is?
2º largest religion
Muslims
origins
Arabian Peninsula
Polytheistic
Nomadic tribes
Muhammad
Divine revelation
Expansion of Islam
Muslim soldiers motivation
They fight for their faith
new religion was popular
Christians and Jews could have their religion
fall of neighbouring empires
Agricultural irrigation systems:
dykes
canals through they distributed water
waterwheels and terraces
irrigation easier in hilly areas.
wells
water from the sub-soil;
new crops
sugar
cane
cotton
orange
lemons
rice
aubergine
carrots
spinach
trade and craftwork
trade
main source of wealth
they went by
sea
rivers
Land
craftwork
they were famous by
ivory
bricks
glass
tiles
weapons
ceramic
jewellery
wicker
rugs
textiles
Religion
Quran
holy book of Islam
5 pilars
Praying five times per day
Give money to poor
Belief in one God
Fasting during Ramadan
pilgrimage to Mecca