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Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis (Risk Factors (Gastroesophageal reflux…
Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pathophysiology
Environmental irritant
Epithelial/Endothelial Cell Damage
Influx of inflammatory cells and immune - Platelets aggregate to the area
Angiogenesis
Epithelial repair
Repeated exposure to irritant
inflammatory and immune cells continue to influx injured tissues
Fibroblast and immune cell accumulation
Accumulation of Platelets with Inflammation
Release of substances that induce smooth muscle replication to give fatty streaks and plaques that develop
2 more items...
Continuous laying down of collagen, connective tissue, influx of inflammatory and immune cells
Disordered repair and thickening of alveolar walls
2 more items...
Etiology of Farmers Lung
Allergic response due to mold in certain crops
Use of Respirator as possible solution
Repeated exposure does not allow time for alveoli to heal
Leads to scarring and fibrosis of alveoli
Symptoms
Early Symptoms
Dyspnea on exertion
Chronic unproductive cough
Fatigue
Late Symptoms
Cyanosis
Crackles on auscultation
Decreased costal expansion
Finger clubbing
Worsening dyspnea
Medical Management
Corticosteroid Medication
In conjunction with immunosuppressive medication
Decrease immune response/inflamation
Oxygen therapy
Increase PaO2
Decrease compensation leading to increase in HCO3
Decrease in Hyperventilation
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Increase aeration of areolar tissue
Increase strength in order to encourage proper utilization of O2 in lower extremities
Ambulation + Aerobic exercise in order to promote more efficient cardio-pulmonary response to exercise
Risk Factors
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Smoking
Exposure to occupational and environmental toxins (mining/farming/construction)
Age
Radiation and chemotherapy
Alveoli unable to expand
Alveoli unable to meet O2 needs during exertion
Saturates alveoli with oxygen to make up for lack
