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Psychology part 1 HSP 3U (Humanism (hierarchy of needs (self-actualization…
Psychology part 1 HSP 3U
Ethics
Milgram experiment:
- there was a teacher and a student and the student was an actor.
-the teacher had to ask the student questions and if the student got it wrong then the teacher had to flip the switch that gives off a shock.
- they wanted to see how many people would go all the way to the most painful switch.
- 68% went all the way (Americans).
- its proven that people were actually going ill after doing this experiment because of all the emotions they went through.
- they broke multiples ethical guidelines, they broke the one saying that they have to have respect for the dignity of persons and the responsible caring.
- they perceived the guy in the lab coat as powerful so they listened to him because they thought he had authority.
ethical guidelines:
- make every reasonable effort to ensure that psychological knowledge is not misused intentionally or unintentionally, to infringe on human rights.
- have consent for all research activities that involve obtrusive measures, invasion of privacy, risk of harm, or any attempt to change behaviour of participants.
-avoid doing harm to clients, research participants, employees, supervisees, students, trainees, colleagues and others.
- integrity of relationships: dont exploit any relationship established as a psychologist to further personal interests
- responsibility to society: acquire adequate knowledge of the culture before beginning work
CIA:
- the CIA had people slip LSD to each other
-choose people who were less likely to expose them
- no documentation of what happens to these people
- mental patients were the perfect target for the CIA experiments.
- thoughts that if you could wipe the mind completely clean you could make a whole new one.
Behaviourism/motivation
Classical Conditioning- a type of learning where a once neutral stimulus comes to produce a particular response after pairings with a conditioned response
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ex. of Classical Conditioning- Mr. McGregor screaming at 2:10pm everyday, and the students getting nervous at 2:09
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ex. when the military switched from bullseyes to a man shaped dummy that would pop up and fall down.
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IQ Environment, genetics, genomics, epigenetic
DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid: the molecule that carries genetic information in all living systems and provides the most basic explanation of the laws of genetics.
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IQ - a person's ability to solve problems and reason effectively: a social construct used to explain why some people are better than others at cognitive tasks
Heredity - Physical characteristics and aspects of personality and behaviour that are passed down genetically from our relatives
Environment - Family, peers, and socio-economic status can all play a role in development and intelligence
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Psychoanalysis
Freud
ID
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Subconscious, sex
Freud's conselling
Reasons for Conselling
Freud believes that you're not aware of you're ID (subconscious) therefore you must complete counselling to unlock the subconcious
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Cognitive Psychology
Bandura's Theory
Theory: Perspective on personality that takes a persons motivation, environment, and behaviour into account
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Loftus' Theory
Theory: Repressed memories rarely exist and can be created through the power of suggestion has been controversial.
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Definition: The mental processes in the brain associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering.
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