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Bacterial infection of respiratory system (Streptococcus pyogenes (Lab…

- - - - M protein
        
        Adhesin: colonization
        
        Resisitance to phagocytosis
        
        Antibody cross react
        
        Rheumatic fever
      - Protein F
        
        Fibronectin-binding
      - Capsule
        
        Hyaluronic acid
        
        Resistance to phagocytosis
      - Lipoteichoic acid
    - - Streptokinase
        
        Digest fibrin clots
      - Hyaluronidase
        
        Spreading factor
      - DNase
      - Leukocidins
        
        Streptolysin O
        
        Streptolysin S
        
        ทำลาย phagocyte
      - Pyrogenic exotoxin (Erythrogenic toxin)
        
        Fever and red rash
        
        Superantigen
      - C5a peptidase
        
        Inhibit recruitment of phagocyte
  - - - Pharygitis and tonsilitis
      - Sinusitis
      - Otitis
      - Pneumonia
    - - Impetigo
      - Cellulitis
      - Erysipelas
    - - Joint and bone
      - Necrotizing fasciitis
      - Bacteremia
      - Meningitis
      - Endocarditis
      - Scarlet fever
        
        เกิดจาก pyrogenic exotoxin
      - Toxic shock syndrome
    - - Acute rheumatic fever
      - Acute glomerulonephritis
  - - - Amies transport medium
    - - Beta hemolysis
    - - Gram positive cocci in chain
    - - Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
- - - - Transport medium
        
        Loeffler’s serum medium
        
        Tellurite medium
      - Methylene blue stain
        
        เชื้อ 1 ตัวมีจุดๆหลายจุด สะสมอาหาร
      - Gram stain
        
        Gram positive pleomorphic
        
        Palisading, club shaped, chinese letters
      - Culture
        
        Blood agar
        
        Cystine tellulite blood agar
      - Toxicity test
        
        Elek test
        
        ลากเชื้อตั้งฉากกับ antitoxin
        
        Precipitin line
        
        Toxigenic strain
    - - Bull-neck diphtheria
      - Pseudomembrane
        
        Block airways
    - - Diphtheria toxin
    - - Local
        
        Necrotic injury to epithelial cell ทำให้ plasma leak
        fibrin network forms กลายเป็ร pseudomembrane
      - Systemic
        
        Toxin เข้ากระแสเลือด
        
        Block protein synthesis
    - - Antitoxin
      - Penicillin or erythromycin
    - - Immunization : DPT
- - - - Inhibit phagocytosis
      - Fimbriae
        
        Adherence
      - Lipo-oligosaccharide
      - IgA1 protease
    - - Ampicilli
      - Third generation
        
        Cephalosporin
        
        Ceftriaxone
        
        Cefotaxime
    - - Transport medium
        
        Amies
      - Culture
        
        Blood agar
        
        Satellitism around S. aureus
        
        Chocolate agar
        
        X and V factor requirement
      - Gram stain
        
        Gram negative coccobacilli
- - - - Inhibit phagocytosis
    - - Potent inflammatory stimuli
        
        Peptidoglycan
        
        Teichoic acid/ lipoteichoic acid
  - - - Amies
    - - Gram positive diplococci
      - Lancet shaped
    - - Alpha-hemolysis
        
        Colony บุ๋มตรงกลาง
        
        เชื้อสร้าง atutolysin ทำให้ cell lysis release Pneumolysin
    - - Positive