What was the Impact of notable sceptical publications on attitudes to witchcraft?

A Discovery of the fraudulent practices of John Darrel 1599

Thomas Ady: A candle in the dark 1656

A Discoverie Of Witches

first major work of English scepticism

gave attention to dutch physician Johann Weyers 👤 'on the illusions of demons' 1563

Scot made clear connection between fraudulent cases and the catholic church ✅

Scot's Background 👤

From Kent

Gentry family

Had interest in magic and witchcraft

rationalist style of criticism in writing

argued that most supposed witches suffered from melancholia

those guilty - unable to cause harm themselves: mere tools of the devil

member of the family of love

radical protestant sect

traditional protestant and catholic practices (like baptism) 🚫

core belief = nature controls daily events on earth ❌ god

showed contempt for catholic church

most were wealthy, high profile figures and still members of COE

number of high profile trials occurred in chelmsford before publishing

John Samon 👤

beer brewer

accused and acquitted in 1561,70 and 72

finally convicted in 1587: using witchcraft to kill a woman and cow

Background 👤

deeply suspicious of Boy of Burton case

had first hand experience of the case and was present at examination of Darrel and George

born in Essex into a humble family and got a degree from cambridge

was deeply religious as a young man

worked as chaplain in the case of john darrel to Richard Bancroft

Impact of his publication

click to edit

click to edit

John Webster's: The Displaying of Supposed Witchcraft 1677

Publication of Balthasar Bekkers: The enchanted world 1691