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Elizabeth 1569-1588 elizabeth (Footsteps to the execution of Mary, Queen…

- - - - The 1570s and 1580s were dangerous decades for Elizabeth; she faced four big Catholic plots against her. All had the aim of getting the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne and returning England to Catholic rule
      - timeline
        
        1558: elizabeth becomes queen of england
        
        1559:Elizabeth passes 2 laws
        -Act of supremacy
        -Act of uniformity
        
        1586:the babington plot
        
        1569:the northern earls' rebellion
        
        1583:the throckmorton plot
        
        1570:pope issues papal bull of excommnication to Elizabeth
        
        1571:the ridolfi plot
      - The ridolfi plot
        
        Roberto Ridolfi, an Italian banker, planned to assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary queen. He had the support of King Philip II of Spain, the Duke of Norfolk, and Mary, Queen of Scots herself.
      - The babington plot
        
        Sir Anthony Babington planned to rescue Mary, Queen of Scots from jail and murder Elizabeth. Secret letters between the plotters and Mary were discovered which gave Elizabeth's advisers the evidence needed to prove Mary’s guilt.
      - The throckmorton plot
        
        A young Catholic man, Francis Throckmorton, organised a plan for a French army (paid for by the Pope and King Philip II of Spain) to invade England and replace Elizabeth with Mary, Queen of Scots
      - The northen earls' rebellion
        
        the Catholic Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland hatched a plan to get Mary, Queen of Scots out of jail and on to the throne. They gathered an army of 6,000 soldiers in their attempt to return England to Catholicism
    - - The northern earls' rebellion
        
        Elizabeth got wind of the plan and sent a huge army to crush the rebellion. Elizabeth put 800 rebels to death and the two Earls fled to Scotland
- - - - Elizabeth to take over the protection of the Netherlands.
      - An army of 7,000 to be sent to help the rebels.
      - England to pay for the costs of this army.
      - In exchange for this assistance, the Netherlands was to allow Elizabeth to use Brill and Flushing as bases for English soldiers...
  - - - The Armada will sail through the English Channel to Calais.
      - The Duke of Parma, one of the most able commanders in Europe, will march his army of 20,000 troops from the Netherlands to meet the Armada at Calais.
      - Parma's army will be ferried across from Calais in barges, protected by the big ships of the Armada.
      - The Spanish forces will land in Kent and then march on London.
      - English Catholics will rise up against Catholics.
      - Elizabeth will have to surrender. After she is overthrown, the Catholic religion will be restored in England.
  - - - Elizabeth did not want to see a build-up of any military force along the Channel's costlines.
      - The English Channel was an important part of England's national security.
      - Cloth exports to the Netherlands still formed part of England's trade.
    - - Philip ruled the Netherlands, meaning that he would need to use the channel.