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Skeletal System (names of all the bones (the skull (Cranium, mandible, and…
Skeletal System
names of all the bones
the skull
Cranium, mandible, and maxilla
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pelvic girdle
ilium. pubis, and ischium
spine
cervical are ( top 7 vertebrae), thoracic (next 12),lumbar (bottom 5 vertebrae),scrum (5 fused or stuck together bones), and coccyx(the tiny bit at the bottom of the spin.)
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hand
carpals,metacarpals, and phalanges
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compact bone tissue
articular cartilage
the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints
spongy bone
bone in which the spicules from a latticework,with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow
osteoblasts
cells which lay down new bone tissue,adding the matrix
osteons
functional units of compact bone,created by a network of bone cells and blood vessels
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cancellous bone
the softer,less dense tissue that makes up the ends of bones and creates blood cells
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joints
pivot joints
these joints allows rotational movement,as the rounded bone moves around its own axis.
plane joints these joints allow for gliding movements,and so the joints are sometimes referred to as gliding joints
hinge joints
the slightly rounded end of one bone fits into the slightly hollow end of the other bone, in this way one bone moves while the other remains stationary like the hinge of a door.
ball-and-socket joint
organization allows the greatest range of motion,as all movement types are possible in all directions.
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types of bones
flat bones
the function is to protect internal organs such as the brain,heart,and pelvic organs.
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male vs. female pelvis
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shape and length
female: wide and more oval, much wider
male: narrow and heart shaped, vertical
disorders
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osteoporosis
disease characterized by the thinning of bones, with a consequent tendency to sustain fractures from minor stresses
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anatomy of long bones
endosteum
a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the surface of the bone tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones
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bone fracture repair
repair
- the formation of hematoma at the break
- the formation of fibrocartilagnous callus
- the formation of a bony callus
- remodeling and addition of compact bone
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