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Atrial Fibrillation (causes (HF, hypertension, PE, mitral valve disease,…
Atrial Fibrillation
causes
HF
hypertension
PE
mitral valve disease
pneumonia
hyperthyroidism
caffeine
alcohol
post-op
Symptoms
asym
chest pain
palpitations
dyspnoea
faintness
AVN responds intermittently
irreg ven rhythm
CO drops
main risk: embolic stroke
irreg irreg pulse
AF
very fast atrial rate (400-600)
P waves not seen
VR (100-200)
QRS irregularly irregular
Atrial Flutter
sawtooth appearance
AR 250-350
P waves lose distinction
VR < AR
VR irregular
Treatment
rate control
beta-blocker or Ca2+ blocker, if fails add digoxin
