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Sexuality & Gender (Sexually Transmitted Infections (AIDS (acquired…
Sexuality & Gender
theories
Original Theory
There are exactly two biological sexes, and those sexes are solely genetically determined
Hypothesis1
A person born with a vaginahas XXsex chromosomes and a person born with a penishas XYsex chromosomes
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Hypothesis2
A person born with a vaginaCANNOT have XYsex chromosomes and a person born with a penisCANNOT have XXsex chromosomes
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People with XXY, XYY, X, Y, etc. sex chromosomes (still variations)
up to date theory
There are two especially common biological sexes, and biological sex is partlydetermined by genetics
Hypothesis1
Many people born with vaginashave XXsex chromosomes, and many people born with peniseshave XYsex chromosomes
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Hypothesis2
Some people born with vaginashave XYsex chromosomes, and many people born with peniseshave XXsex chromosomes
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gender theory
original
There are exactly two genders, and gender is solely determined by biological sex at birth
HUGE PROBLEMS
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On a variety of measures, binary trans people show more similarities to their gender-identified group
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Gender
psychological aspects of being a woman, a man, agender, genderfluid, etc.
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Gender roles
a culture’s expectations of behavior based on gender
Includes attitudes, actions, etc.
Includes attitudes, actions, and personality traits
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DSM
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DSM-V: Gender Dysphoria
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Treatment: counseling, hormone therapy, surgery
trans
In 28 states, it’s legal to fire someone because of their gender identity or sexual orientation
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gender role development
Social learning theory
gender identity is formed through reinforcement of “appropriate” gender behavior as well as imitation of gender models
Gender schema theory
a child develops a mental pattern, or schema, and then organizes observed and learned behavior around that schema
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