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Networks devices and the effects of using them (Network devices (Switches,…
Networks devices and the effects of using them
WAN, LAN and WLAN
LAN
stands for
L
ocal
A
rea
N
etwork. It enables a group of computers that are close in distance to each other to be linked. Sometimes it is used in a school, in an office or at home. Files, printers, games and other software applications are allowed to be shared by the computers on the LAN
WLAN
stands for
W
ireless
L
ocal
A
rea
N
etwork. Like a LAN, it covers short distances. It connects wirelessly using radio or infrared signals instead of the traditional method of network cabling
WAN
stands for
W
ide
A
rea
N
etwork. It normally connects LANs together. Commonly, a WAN will connect cities, a country or many countries. An example of it is the Internet, it joins local area networks across most of the world. For example, Toyota has offices in more than one country, each one of its offices has a LAN to set up and then connect ALL together into a WAN
Routers and Data packet
Router
A
router
is a device that's used to forward data packets along networks, it will select the best route for each data packet so that data travels as quickly as possible to its destination. It provides a link for 2 or more, it works together to direct data packets to their correct destination.
Its abilities are, make decisions about whether a message should be passed between the networks, make the format of the message suitable for the new network and read the information about the message and decide not only where the message should be going but also decide the best route that can be taken for it to get there
Data packet is a data that's sent over the internet is broken down into small parts called packets. A router will then use the best possible route to the receiver for each packet and they will be reassembled upon arrival
Network devices
Are the hardware components that connect computers and other devices together in a network. they can share files and resources once they are connected. Most common devices used to set up a LAN are a hub/switch, a router, cabling, WiFi technology, modem and network cards
Network interface cards
Each computer on a network needs a network interface controller (NIC) to provide the hardware interface between the computer and the network, which can be wired or wireless
It's a circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network
Modem means changes or modulates digital data sent from a computer into analogue waves so that it may travel along telephone lines, the modem at the receiving end changes or "Demodulates" the analogue data back into a digital form that the receiving computer can understand
Ethernet is the most common standard defining the wiring and signalling in a LAN
WiFi is a wireless network technology that allows communication via radio waves to connect devices to a local area network, which can then allow them to connect to the internet. IEEE 802.11x is the standards for WiFi to be used for communications meeting
Hubs
is where a network has a central point to which all the signals from individual computers are plugged into this device. If a computer needs to send a signal to another computer on the network, the signal is sent to the hub or switch. A hub will then broadcast the data to all the connected devices
Switches, Bridges and Modems
Bridges
is a device which allows two dissimilar networks to send messages from one to the other. It can only connect networks that use the same rules for handling the messages. It can change the form of a messages so that it's suitable for a different physical type of network
Advantages:
It has simple configuration modes
It is easy to use and relatively cheap in the market
Disadvantages
It's unable to read specific IP address
Extremely huge networks can't rely on bridges
Modems
are used to connect a computer or a network to the internet. It changes the digital signal from the computer into an analogue one that can be transmitted down telephone lines. It stands for MOdulator-DEModulator
Advantages
It's more useful in connecting LAN with the internet
Speed depends on the cost
Disadvantages
No traffic maintenance is present
Acts just an interface between LAN and Internet
Switch
handles messages more intelligently than a hub, by inspecting the address of the device to which they should be sent. It only sends the message to the correct device and knows the addresses of the different devices on the network
Advantages:
It reduces the number of packets that are needlessly transmitted within the network
It increases the performance of the network
Disadvantages
It's more expensive than hubs
It's not as good as a router in limiting Broadcasts
WiFi, Bluetooth and Internet
WiFi
It's defined as as an abbreviation for
WI
reless
FI
delity. It means you can access or connect to a network using radio waves, without needing to use wires
It enables devices can network with each other. For example if our phone has a WiFi network card, it will be capable of sending a short distance such as a house or office building.
Bluetooth
It's a wireless technology used in computers, phones and other devices, it enables these devices to communicate with each other over short distances using radio waves
It's a less powerful form of wireless transmission than WiFi, it was developed to provide a wireless communication method between specific devices that are close together
It's abilities are
Wirelessly synchronize contact details such as phone numbers between laptop and phone
Use games controllers with a games console, or connect two consoles so that two people can play games against each other
Wirelessly connect to a printer, meaning that fewer wires need to be used, which makes it safer around the computer
Wirelessly connect and use a Bluetooth mouse, which gives more freedom of movement than with a wired mouse
These uses have TWO things in common
The volume of data to be transmitted in a given amount of time is small
The range of the transmissions needs to be small
How to connect a Bluetooth device into our device:
Wait for a few seconds and our device is ready to connect to the bluetooth
Select the Bluetooth icon on our devices then choose to "Add a Device or "Pair with a Wireless Device"
Check that the device to be connected is switched on and that you have made it "Discoverable". This means that the device is broadcasting itself as available to be discovered by any devices