Muscular system Julianna Soto Period 2
Muscles , location and actions.
Functions of muscular system
3 types of muscle tissue and functions
Body movement and terminology
Organization levels and structure
Muscle contractions
Disorders
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
forms organs such as the stomach and bladder changes to shape and facilitate bodily functions
moves bones and other structures.
contracts the heart to pump blood.
found in the walls of hollow organs throughout the body.
found only in the myocardium, contracts in response to signals from the cardiac conduction system to make the heart beat.
Myofibril
Sarcomere
Muscle fiber
Myofilament or filament
Fascicle
Muscle organ
contractile unit, composed of myofilaments made up of proteins
contractile elements,occupy most of muscle cell volume and composed of sarcomeres end to end.
elongated multi nucleate cell;banded (striated) appearance
discrete bundle of muscle cells, segregated from the rest of the muscle by the connective sheath
hundreds of thousands of muscle cells;connective tissue wrapping,blood vessels and nerve fibers
thick and thin filaments; thick are bundled myosin molecules;thin filaments contain actin molecules.
covered externally by the epimysium
surrounded by perimysium
surrounded by endomysium
Characteristics
Contractility
Extensibility
Excitability/ Responsiveness
antagonists
synergists
Prime mover/agonist
Major muscle, which fleshes out the anterior chests and inserts on the humerus
muscle that opposes,reverse can cause to stretch or remain relaxed; helps regulate the action of prime mover
one or more; helps prime movers by adding a little extra force or by reducing undesirable movement
circulation
respiration
mobility
digestion
urination
stability
skeletal muscles are responsible for the movements
Smooth and skeletal muscles make up the urinary system
skeletal muscles in core helps protect spine and help with stability
involuntary cardiac and smooth muscles helps heart beat and blood flow through body by producing electrical impulses
diaphragm is the main muscle
anaerobic
consists of no oxygen
aerobic
consists of oxygen
smooth muscle
Muscle fiber excitation
Excitation contraction coupling
Events at the neuromuscular junction
cross bridge cycling
Biceps brachii
Fibularis Longus
Rectus femoris
Flexor carpi radialis
Myopathy
Myotonic dystrophy
Myofascial pain syndrome
Strain
Myalgia
Tetanus
Fibromyalgia
pain caused by tightened band or striated postural muscles
Disease of muscle
pulled muscle (overuse,abused)
gradual reduction in muscle mass
sustained contraction of muscle
chronic inflammation of muscles
muscle pain resulting from any muscle disorder
motor neuron releases ACh that stimulates the skeletal muscle fiber causing depolarization.
EPP triggers action potential that travels across the entire sarcolemma
ATP tubules cause release of Ca which triggers contraction.
Muscle contracts that cause myofilaments to slide relative to each other
flex the fingers and the hand at the wrist
The biceps brachii flexes the forearm, whereas the triceps brachii extends it.
longest fibula
muscle fascicles ; straight femur
Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two bones
Circumduction
Movement in a circular or cone-shaped motion