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Muscular System April Sanchez Period: 5 (Muscular Functions (Muscle…
Muscular System
April Sanchez
Period: 5
Muscular Functions
1.) Motion/Movement:
change body positions, movements of substances within the body
Muscle Names
Anterior Head & Neck:
Frontalis
Orbicularis Oculi
Zygomaticus
Masseter
Orbicularis Oris
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Posterior Head & Neck:
Temporalis
Occipitalis
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Anterior Arms:
Deltoid
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Anterior Legs:
Sartorius
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Rectus Femoris
Adductor Longus
Vastus Lateralis
Gracilis
Vastus Medialis
Fibularis Longus
Tibialis
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Posterior Arms:
Deltoid
Triceps Brachii
Posterior Legs:
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis
Vastus Lateralis
Sartorius
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius
Calcaneal Tendon
Fibularis Longus
Soleus
Anterior Upper Body:
Serratus
External Oblique
Rectus Abdominis
Pectoralis Major
Posterior Upper Body:
Teres Minor
Teres Major
Infraspinatus
Rhomboid
Latissimus Dorsi
External Oblique
2.) Posture:
stabilizing joints, body posture, regulate organ volume
3.) Thermogenesis:
heat production, helps within homeostasis
3 Types of Muscular Tissue
2.) Cardiac Muscle:
cells long, cylindrical, braches, & has singal nucleus
Striated
Involuntary
joined to another cell at Intercalated Disc
Involuntary:
you can't control
1.) Skeletal Muscle:
cells long, cylindrical, paralle & multi nucleated attached tp bone
Striated
Voluntary & makes 40 - 50% of body weight
Striated:
visible banding
Voluntary
: you can control
3.) Smooth(Visceral) Muscle:
cells spindle-shaped with single central nucleus
Striations appear smooth
found in hollow walls of organs(EX: digestive tract, blood vessels, urinary & reproductive organs)
Involuntary
controls movement inside internal organs
Structure of Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscle is an organ composed of skeletal muscle cells & connective tissue
Skeletal muscle attaches to bone & span across a joint to attach to another bone
Orgin:
end of muscle that attaches to the bone, doesn't move when contraction of muscle occurs
Insertion:
end of a muscle attached to the bone that moves when a muscle contracts
Body: main part of muscle
Tendons:
strong cords of fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone
Bursae:
synovial-lined sacs containing synovial fluid; located between some tendons & underling bones
Muscles Produce Movement
As muscle contracts, it pulls the insertion bone closer to the orgin bone
Flexion:
decreases the angle between 2 bones
Extension:
increases the angle between 2 bones
Muscles can't push they can only Contract(pull together)
Group of Muscles Contract Together to Produce a Particular Movement
Prime Mover:
Muscle; contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement
Synergist:
muscle; contraction is help the primary mover
Antagonist:
muscle; actions oppose the action of a prime mover