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A-26 Reading Notes Modules 14 and 15 (Behavior genetics is the study of…
A-26 Reading Notes Modules 14 and 15
Behavior genetics is the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
DNA is a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes
Ask Yourself Question:
I wasn't surprised to learn how genetically similar we are to our chimpanzee cousins because I learned in biology that they way we function is very similar to the way chimpanzees function because humans and chimpanzees are 96% identical.
Social script is a culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations
Ask Yourself Question:
I find the reasoning of critics more persuasive because I believe it is true, why should we try to explain today's behavior based on decisions made thousands of years ago.
Fraternal twins develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than ordinary brother and sisters, but they share a prenatal environment
Molecular behavior genetics is the study of how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
Test Yourself Question:
The biopsychosocial approach explains our individual development because it considers all the factors that a influence our individual development: biological factors, psychological factors, and social-cultural factors.
Mutation is a random error in gene replication that leads to a change
Ask Yourself Question:
My heredity and my environment has influenced who I am today because my personality is very calm and humble and I have developed that from my home life.
Test Yourself Question:
Epigenetics is the study of environmental factors that affect how our genes are expressed
Molecular behavior genetics is the study of how the structure and function of specific genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
Behavior genetics is the study of the relative effects of our genes and our environment on our behavior
Heredity is the genetic transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring
Genes are the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins
Ask Yourself Question:
My older sister and I have very different personalities, even though we were raised in the same home. My sister is more serious and I am more relaxed. I believe with her being the older child she had to develop a more mature personality, which has caused her to be serious about a lot of things.
Ask Yourself Question:
I would explain the statement "Heigh is 90 percent heritable" by saying that most of where our height comes from is from our parents. It is passed down.
Evolutionary psychology is the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
Environment is every non genetic influence, from parental nutrition to the people and things around us
Genome is the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
Test Yourself Question:
Researchers use Twin and Adoption Studies. To scientifically tease apart the influences of heredity and environment, behavior geneticists could wish for two types of environments. The first controls heredity while varying someone's home environment. The second would control the home environment while varying heredity.
Test Yourself Question:
Those studying the heritability of a trait try to determine how much of the person-to-person variation in that trait among members of a specific group is due to their differing
genes
Natural selection is the principle that inherited traits that better enable an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Interaction is the interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor
Epigenetic's is "above" or "in addition to" (episode) genetics; the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change
Test Yourself Question:
Belyaev and Trut bred foxed that had a trait they wanted: tameness. This process and natural occurring selection are very similar; but it differs in that natural selection is much slower, and normally favors traits that contribute to reproduction and survival.
Test Yourself Question:
Evolutionary psychologists explain male-female differences in sexuality by; women are more interested in friendliness and men are more interested in attractiveness.
Chromosomes are threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
Identical twins develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms
Heritability is the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes.The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied
Molecular genetics is the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes
Ask Yourself Question:
It would be unethical to breed humans.
Test Yourself Question:
The three main criticisms of the evolutionary explanation of human sexuality are; It starts with an effect and works backward to propose an explanation. This explanation may overlook the effects of cultural expectations and socialization. Men could use such explanations to rationalize their irresponsible behavior toward women.
Test Yourself Question:
Gene, chromosome, nucleus
Ask Yourself Question:
The benefits of prenatal genetic testing that predicts likelihood of body weight or sexual orientation include; knowing the gender of your child.
