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NS30 - Psychological Disorders 1 - Anxiety Disorders (i) (Anxiety…
NS30 - Psychological Disorders 1 - Anxiety Disorders (i)
link between physical + mental health
poor mental health decreases motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle
poor diet, less exercise, drinking, smoking
SEs of medications: weight gain, ischaemic heart disease, metabolic syndrome
depression predicts onset + progression of physical + social disability
physical disability = depression risk factor in older adults
Mental disorders contribute to morbidity + mortality
many suicides due to mental disorders
high comorbidity of psychotic disorders and ischaemic heart disease
depression increases stroke risk
MI increases depression risk, and depression inhibits recover due to poor adherence to lifestyle changes
50% of people with a traumatic brain injury get depression (also increased risk of suicide, mania, psychosis, anxiety, substance misuse)
high comorbidity between depression/schiz + diabetes (due to lifestyle + medication)
link between mental disorders + HIV, maternal+child illhealth, injury/violence and TB
abnormal behaviour criteria
deviates from social norm
maladaptive (impairs a person's everyday life)
causes personal distress
Medical Model
states insanity is an illness
clinical interview to diagnose
aetiology, treatment, prognosis
advantages
aids communication between Dr, patient + family (who can give collateral info)
facilitates research
facilitates treatment
disadvantages
ignores context (society)
symptomology rather than pathology in mental illness
no lab test
relies on observation + skilled clinical interviews
Bio-psycho-social perspective
all behaviour arises from interaction between nature + nuture
mind + body = inseparable
classifying psychological disorders
DSM5 (US)
ICD10 (EU)
Anxiety disorders
not secondary to another disorder/caused by another condition
some continuous, some episodic
3 components
physical
increased HR, breathlessness, dizziness, shaking, seating, unreality/detachment, blurred vision, blushing, numbness/tingling
cognitive
anxious thoughts, predictions, beliefs
biases in attention + memory
-ve mental imagery
behavioural
avoidance of certain situations
drug/alcohol use
overprotective
affects 21% of people in their lifetime
most common psychiatric condition (prevalence + 10% @ any time)
mild symptoms often spontaneously remit
high comorbidity with other psych conditions: depression substance misuse, personality disorder
sufferers often have lots of medical consultations -> fear of physical illness