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The Muscular System, Jessie Lopez (Disorders associated with the Muscular…
The Muscular System, Jessie Lopez
Major functions of the
muscular system; names of all the muscles
Functions
circulation
respiration
mobility
digestion
Muscles
Orbicularis
Zygomaticus
Sternolcleidomastoid
Temporalis
Pectoralis major
Epicrasnius
Deltoid
Bicep brachii
Triceps brachii
Rectus abdominis
Gracillis
Gastrocnemius
Pectineus
Soleus
Internal oblique
Epicranius
External oblique
Gluteus maximus
Adductor magnus
Latissimus
Calcaneal tendon
Trapezius
childbirth
stability
vision
posture
3 types of muscle tissues & their major
functions/characteristics
Cardiac(heart)
beating of heart 2. involuntary 3. branching 4. striated, one or two nuclei
Smooth (Walls of internal organs +in skin)
movement of internal organs 2. involuntary 3. spindle shape 4. non-striated, one nucleus
Skeletal(Attach to bone)
Movement of bone 2. Voluntary 3. long slender 4. striated-light and dark bands, many nuclei
Body Movement Terminology
extension
flexion
adduction
hyperextension
abduction
hyperflexion
eversion
inversion
circumduction
tilt
rotation
deviation
supination
dorsiflexion
pronation
plantar flexion
Structure and Organizational Levels of the Skeletal Muscle
Myofibril(complex organelle composed of bundles of myofilaments)
Sarcomere (a segment of a myofibril)
Muscle fiber (cell)
Myofilament, or filament (extended macromolecular structure)
Fascicle(a portion of the muscle)
Muscle(Organ)
Physiology of Muscle Contraction
Recharging(ATP is re-synthesized)
Relaxation (occurs when stimulation of nerve stops)
Muscle contraction (calcium flood into muscle)
Muscle Activation (action potential pass down to neuromuscular junction)
Needed: Neural stimulus, calcium in muscle cells, and ATP available for energy
Things stopping contraction: Energy system fatigue, Nervous system fatigue, voluntary nervous system control, and sensory nervous system information.
Disorders associated with the
Muscular system
.
Strain
Sprain
Myalgia
Muscle spasm
Hypertrophy
Fibtomyalgia
Atrophy
Chronic Fatigue
Torticollis
Myasthenia Gravis
Muscular Dystrophy