Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chile (Flag:beer_mugs:
Two equal horizontal bands of white (top)…
Chile (
Flag:beer_mugs:
Two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center representing a guide to progress and honor; blue symbolizes the sky, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red represents the blood spilled to achieve independence note: design was influenced by the US flag,
Location:world_map: 30 00 S, 71 00 Wtotal: 756,102 sq km
land: 743,812 sq km
water: 12,290 sq km
note: includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez,
General Background:champagne:
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century, the Inca ruled northern Chile while the Mapuche inhabited central and southern Chile. Although Chile declared its independence in 1810, decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won its present northern regions. It was not until the 1880s that the Mapuche were brought under central government control. After a series of elected governments, the three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 by a military coup led by General Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a freely elected president was inaugurated in 1990. Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.,
Climate:recycle: :warning:
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south ,
Participation in government:star:
chief of state: President Michelle BACHELET Jeria (since 11 March 2014); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Michelle BACHELET Jeria (since 11 March 2014)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 17 November 2013 with a runoff held on 15 December 2013 (next to be held on 19 November 2017)
election results: Michelle BACHELET Jeria elected president; percent of vote - Michelle BACHELET Jeria (PS) 62.2%; Evelyn Rose MATTHEI Fornet (UDI) 37.8% ,
Spoken languages:silhouettes:
Spanish 99.5% (official), English 10.2%, indigenous 1% (includes Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui), other 2.3%, unspecified 0.2%,
Religions:church:
Roman Catholic 66.7%, Evangelical or Protestant 16.4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1%, other 3.4%, none 11.5%, unspecified 1.1% (2012 est.),
Access to health services:<3:
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 90.9% of population
total: 99.1% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0% of population
rural: 9.1% of population
total: 0.9% of population (2015 est.),
Literacy level:warning:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.5%
male: 97.6%
female: 97.4% (2015 est.),
Access to public services
population without electricity: 70,600
electrification - total population: 99.6 %
electrification - urban areas: 100 %
electrification - rural areas: 98 % (2012),
Land boundaries:no_entry:
total: 7,801 km,
Number of cellphones activated:black_flag:
24.1 million of celphones activated ,
66% access to internet:explode:,
Access to TV:tv:
Meanwhile, TV penetration in households was 52.1% and pay TV subscribers increased by 10% over the last 12 months. Satellite accesses exceeded for the first time, the wire representing 51.1% of subscribers.,
Normal Houses :laughing:,
Constitution:check:
many previous; latest adopted 11 September
1980, effective 11 March 1981; amended many times, last in 2011; note - in late 2015, the Chilean Government initiated a process to reform its constitution (2016),
Legal System:oncoming_police_car:
civil law system influenced by several West European civil legal systems; judicial review of legislative acts by the Constitutional Tribunal,
Election system:red_cross:
president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 17 November 2013 with a runoff held on 15 December 2013 (next to be held on 19 November 2017),
Legislative branch:lock:
bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Senate or Senado (38 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote to serve 8-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 4 years) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (120 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - in both the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, the party winning at least two-thirds of the votes is entitled to 2 seats in the constituency; if it obtains less than two-thirds of the votes, it is entitled to 1 seat with the remaining seat awarded to the next highest winning party,
Judicial Branch:!?:
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of a court president and 20 members or ministros); Constitutional Court (consists of 7 members); Elections Qualifying Court (consists of 5 members)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 70; Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 by the Supreme Court, 1 by the president of the republic, 2 by the National Security Council, and 1 by the Senate; members serve 8-year terms with partial membership replacement every 4 years (the court reviews constitutionality of legislation); Elections Qualifying Court member appointments - 4 by the Supreme Court and 1 - a former president or vice-president of the Senate or Chamber of Deputies - also selected by the Supreme Court; members appointed for 4-year terms
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; oral criminal tribunals; military tribunals; local police courts; specialized tribunals and courts in matters such as family, labor, customs, taxes, and electoral affairs,
Civil rights:!:
There have been slow advances in justice in Chile, despite some positive developments. Torture and ill treatment remained matters of concern. Indigenous Mapuche activists were subjected to human rights violations.
Chile submitted its third periodic report on the implementation of the UN Convention against Torture. In response, the UN Committee against Torture, while noting a number of positive developments, expressed concern that certain legislation, including the Amnesty Law, jeopardized the full exercise of fundamental human rights and entrenched impunity. It also criticized the definition of torture used in Chilean legislation and several aspects of the mandate of the National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture, set up by the government in 2003 to identify victims of torture under the military government and propose reparation measures.
Human rights violations continued to occur in the context of land ownership disputes, affecting the Mapuche community especially.,
Economy Overview:tada:
Chile has a market-oriented economy characterized by a high level of foreign trade and a reputation for strong financial institutions and sound policy that have given it the strongest sovereign bond rating in South America. Exports of goods and services account for approximately one-third of GDP, with commodities making up some 60% of total exports. Copper alone provides 20% of government revenue.,
GDP:!!:
$240.2 billion (2015 est.)Per capita:recycle:
$23,500 (2015 est.)
$23,200 (2014 est.)
$23,000 (2013 est.)
(USD),
Main Exports:check:
Products:pen:
copper, fruit, fish products, paper and pulp, chemicals, winepartners:beer_mugs:
China 26.3%, US 13.2%, Japan 8.5%, South Korea 6.5%, Brazil 4.9% (2015),
Main Imports:explode:
petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, electrical and telecommunications equipment, industrial machinery, vehicles, natural gasPartners:champagne:
China 23.4%, US 18.8%, Brazil 7.8%, Argentina 4% (2015),
Main Industries:smiley:
copper, lithium, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles,
Agriculture Products:gun:
grapes, apples, pears, onions, wheat, corn, oats, peaches, garlic, asparagus, beans; beef, poultry, wool; fish; timber,
Labor force By Occupation:black_flag:
agriculture: 13.2%
industry: 23%
services: 63.9% ,
Unemployment Rate:forbidden:
total: 16.1%
male: 13.9%
female: 19.2% (2013 est.),
Inflation rate:unlock:
4.3% (2015 est.)
4.4% (2014 est.),
Exchange rate to US Dollar:champagne:
Chilean pesos (CLP) per US dollar -
653.6 (2015 est.)
570.37 (2014 est.)
570.37 (2013 est.)
486.49 (2012 est.)
483.67 (2011 est.)Exchange rate to EURO
745.68 Chilean Peso,
Patents Per Year:recycle:
2013 = 57
2014 = 64
2015 = 79,
GDP dedicated to education:warning:
4.6% of GDP (2013),
Educational policies:lock:
Normal,
Tourism Industry:<3:
According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), Chile was the eighth popular destination for foreign tourists within the Americas in 2010, after USA, Mexico, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico.[1] That year entered the country 2 766 000 tourists generated revenue of USD 1 636 million[1] The majority of these visitors came from American countries, mainly Argentina,
Top Universities:warning:
Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Universidad Austral de Chile, University de Talca,
Freedom of Expression:forbidden:
they don't has problems with that ,
References:red_flag:
:!:C. (n.d.). The world factboock. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ci.html:check:D. P. (n.d.). SUBTEL: CHILE TIENE 24,1 MILLONES DE CELULARES ACTIVOS. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from http://www.diariopyme.com/subtel-chile-tiene-24-1-millones-de-celulares-activos/prontus_diariopyme/2013-03-19/144258.html:green_cross:S. T. (n.d.). Encuesta nacional de uso y acceso a Internet: 66% de los chilenos se declara usuario frecuente. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from http://www.subtel.gob.cl/encuesta-nacional-de-uso-y-acceso-a-internet-66-de-los-chilenos-se-declara-usuario-frecuente/:red_cross:M. (n.d.). Chilenos tienen más acceso a internet y a televisión por cable, pero hablan menos por teléfono Fuente: Emol.com - http://www.emol.com/noticias/economia/2015/04/09/711921/subtel-y-telecomunicaciones-en-2014.html. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from http://www.emol.com/noticias/economia/2015/04/09/711921/subtel-y-telecomunicaciones-en-2014.html:no_entry:A. I. (n.d.). Chile Human Rights. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/countries/americas/chile:forbidden:A. (n.d.). Atent Counts By Country, State, and Year - All Patent Types (December 2015). Retrieved October 10, 2016, from https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/cst_all.htm:recycle:A. I. (n.d.). Chile Human Rights. Retrieved October 10, 2016, from http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/countries/americas/chilehttps://www.reference.com/world-view/society-f198276facd80789 NEED APA.unesco book.)