Beautiful skins hides all fault – Effects of body satisfaction on self-esteem and shyness in Japanese female youths
Introduction
Literature review
Discussion
Method
Background
Statement of problem
Relationship
Research objectives
Measurement
Procedure
Participants
Hypothesis
Limitation and recommendations
Body satisfaction
Self-esteem and shyness
Relationship
Second survey
Third survey
First survey
201 female university students from 18 to 23 years old at University of Tokyo in June-July 2004
135 female university students from 18 to 29 years old at University of Tokyo in mid-November 2012
65 female university students from 18 to 23 years old at University of Saitama Prefecture in mid-May 2013
Question of body satisfaction
Self-esteem scale
Shyness scale
• 32 items
• 26 questions in the ‘Body cathexis scale’ that measures the satisfaction
• Respond is using a 5-point Likert type scale ranging from ‘it is very satisfied (5) to it is not satisfied (1)
• Scale used are 9 items excluding the 8th item
• Respond is using a 4-point Likert type scale ranging from ‘it is true (4) to it is not true (1)’
• Consist of 5 items in social anxiety and 5 items in social passivity
• Respond is using a 4-point Likert type scale ranging from ‘it is true (4) to it is not true (1)’
• Participants recruited from psychology classes
• Responses will be remain anonymous and confidential
• Researcher conducted short debriefing about research purposes at the end of class period
Satisfaction with four other body parts have no effects on shyness or self-esteem
Merely cross-sectional study, thus it would be necessary to investigate longitudinal study
Authors plan to fill the ideal and the reality of the gap of body image in Japanese female youths, makeup lessons or skin care lesson effectively
This study examined the influenced of satisfaction from each body part in Japanese female youths on self-esteem and shyness
Dissatisfaction with one’s own body will result in lower self-esteem and shyness
The importance of appearance is high as it has the tendency to influence people to feel dissatisfied with their bodies
Dissatisfaction with the body usually is accompanied by the individual’s feelings of dissatisfaction with particular body parts in addition to the whole body
Female adolescents who feel satisfied with their skin have a higher level of self-esteem
A positive correlation between body dissatisfaction and shyness
People who are dissatisfied with their body have high social anxiety
Low level of body satisfaction had the following effects ranging from a sense of anxiety, embarrassment and loss of speech to shyness in conversations
Limited research that show the relationhip between body parts on self-esteem and shyness
Results
Factor analysis
Correlation analysis
Path analysis
The data of 367 female university students (M = 19.63, SD = 1.50) were analyzed and no deficiencies in their responses were found
Correlation analysis was performed to examine relationship between satisfaction of five body part, self- esteem and shyness
Relationships between self-esteem and all of each factor of body satisfaction were positive correlation at the 1% level (.275 to .441).
There was a negative correlation between self-esteem, social anxiety and social passivity at the 1% level (r = - .462, r = -.316).
Standardized partial regression coefficient was, "Skin" from the self-esteem was a direct positive related (β = .44, p <.001)from self-esteem to social passivity
The result reveals that satisfaction with "Skin" strengthens self-esteem and weakens social passivity and anxiety.
Effect of self-esteem only on satisfaction with skin
Female adolescents who feel satisfied with their skin have a higher level of self-esteem
Previous study: It has been reported that parents demonstrate the degree of the ability of body satisfaction to influence self-esteem
Effect of shyness on satisfaction with “skin” to mediate self-esteem
Satisfaction with four other body parts had no effect on shyness or self-esteem
That hypothesis was not supported by some scholars
Previous study: Social skills improve shyness
This study: It is suggested shyness can be improved by increasing body satisfaction in form of skin care lessons.
Negative correlation between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem
Positive correlation between body dissatisfaction and social physique anxiety