COMPUTER SYSTEM :

Software

Information Coding Schemes

Number System

Hardware

System Concept

Binary

Hexadecimal

Decimal

🚩The combination of 0s and 1s that represent character are defines by the pattern

💥*Unicode *(Uniform code capable of representing all world's language)


💥:ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange )


💥EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code )

System Software

Application Software

Consists of the program that control
or mantain the operation of the computer and its device
text

Type Of System software

Operating software

Utility Program

Embedded / mobile

Server

Stand-alone

❎ Windows
❎ UNIX
❎ Linux

UNIX⭐
Linux⭐
Windows Server 2008⭐

❗ iPhone OS
❗ Google Android
❗Windows Phone 7

Compression Tools

Function of OS

Start and shut down a computer

Provide a user interface

Manage program

Manage memory

Coordinate tasks

Configure device

Establish an internet connection

Monitor performance

Provide utilities

Automatically update

Control a network

Administer security

Warm boot

Cold boot

Turning on a computer that has been
powered off completely

Using the operating system
to restart a computer

Controls how to enter data and instruction and how
information is displayed on the screeb

How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity

Optimizes the use of RAM

The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed

Driver

Plug and Play

A small program that tells the operating system how
to communicate with specific device

automatically configures new device if installed

Operating system typically provide a means to establish Internet connections

A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and device

Operating system often provide users with thw capability of : Managing files, Searching for files , Viewing images, Securing a computer

Automatically provides update to the program

Organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on anetwork

🚫Establish permission to resources
🚫 Define who & when they can acess certain resources
🚫By setting user account

Anti-Virus Program

Disk Cleanup

Spyware Remover

File Manager

Disk Defragmenter

Backup and Restore

Utility searches for and removes unnecessary files

To provide routine file management task:
⭐Displaying a list of files
⭐ Organizing files in folders
⭐Creating shortcuts

A utility program is atype of system software that allows a user to perform manintenance-type tasks

To reduce the size of a file or storage

Protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory or storage

Detect and deletes spyware and other similar programs

Reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer's hard disk ,the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.

A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium in case of damage or loss

A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form

Spreadsheet

Presentation

Word Processing

Database

Web Browser

To access and interact with software from any computer or device that connected to the Internet

To create and manipulate documents

To create visual aids for presentation to communicate ideas,messages, and other information to a group

A database isa collection of data organized in amanner that allow access,retrieval and use of that data

To organize data in rows and column and perform calculation

Database Software to create, accesss and manage a database

Communication Device

Storage

System unit

Output Device

Input Device

Define

Display Device

Printers

Any type of hadware component that conveys information to one or more people

Speakers,headphones,and earbuds

Data projector

Interactive whiteboard

Force-feedback game controller

Tactile output

Define

Hardware component allow users to enter data and indtruction into a computer

Keyboard

Pointing Device

Touch-Screen & Touch-Sensitive

Game Controller

Web cam

Biometric Input

Microphone

Scanner and Reading Device

Type of storage

Optical Storage

Flash Memory

Magnetic Storage

Define

Storage hold data,instruction, and information for future use

Processor

Memory

Motherboard

Adapter Card

Memory Card Slot

Adapter Card Slot

Processor Slot

Control unit

Ariyhmetic logic unit

Volatile Memory

Nonvolatile Memory

MIDI

TV tuner

FireWire

Modem

Data Representation

Information Processing Cycle

Storage Capacity

✅ Kilobyte=1024 bytes
✅ Megabyte=1024 Kilobytes
✅ Gigabyte=1024 Megabyte
✅ Terabyte=1024 Gigabyte
✅ Petabye=1024 Terabytes

By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to represent the two states on and off

Bit The smallest unit of data the computer can process

Byte A group of 8 bits

Process

Input

Storage

Define

A complete, working computer, includes operating system software and hardware to make computer function

Output