CELL CHEMISTRY

COMPOUNDS IN CELL

CYTOLYSIS

CARBOHYDRATES

DISACCHARIDES

POLYSACCHARIDES

FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES
-PROVIDE ENERGY
-COMPLETE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE
-SUPPLY CARBON FOR BIOSYNTHESIS
-STORE CHEMICAL ENERGY
-STRUCTURE OF CELLS AND TISSUES
-RECOGNITION SITES

MONOSACCHARIDES

-GLUCOSE
-FRUCTOSE
-GALACTOSE

LIPID

TRIGLYCERIDES (FATS AND OIL)

POLYMERISATION :- formation or synthesis polysaccharides

FATTY ACIDS

ROLES OF FATTY ACIDS
-MANUFACTURE AND REPAIR CELL MEMBRANE
-SOURCE OF ENERGY
-VEGETABLES OILS (UNSATURATED FATS)
-ANIMAL FATS (SATURATED FATS)

PHOSPHOLIPIDS

STERIODS

PROTEINS

AMINO ACIDS

PROPERTIES OF AMINO ACIDS

LEVEL OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE

NUCLEIC ACIDS

NUCLEOTIDE

CELLULAR TRANSPORTS

OSMOSIS (water particles)

ENDOCYTOSIS

EXOCYTOLYTIS

WATER

IMPORTANCE OF WATER
-LIQUID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
-UNIVERSAL SOLVENTS
-DISSOLVE MANY SUBSTANCE
-VISCOSITY OF WATER
-SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
-LATENT HEAT OF EVAPORATION
-SURFACE TENSION
-DENSITY

IMPORTANCE OF LIPID TO TRIGLYCERIDS
-PROVIDE CONCENTRATED ENERGY
-LONG-TERM FOOD RESERVE
-INSULATE BODY FROM COLD
-PROVIDE PADDING FOR INTERNAL ORGAN
-HAVE FAT SOLUBLE VITAMIN (A,D,E,K)

CLASSES OF PROTEIN
-FIBROUS PROTEIN
-GLOBULAR PROTEIN
-CONJUGATED PROTEIN

DENATURATION AGENTS
-HEAT
-EXTREME pH
-DETERGENT
-ORGANIC SOLVENTS
-HEAVY METAL IONS

DNA
-ADENINE,THYMINE,CYTOSINE & GUANINE

RNA (RIBONUCLEIC ACID)
-ribosomal RNA
-transfer RNA
-messenger RNA
-ADENINE,CYTOSINE,GUANINE & URACIL

IMPORTANCE OF PROTEINS
-BIOCHEMICAL REACTION
-TRANSPORT
-STORAGE
-MESSENGER
-DEFENSE
-REGULATION
-STRUCTURAL

FUNCTIONS OF PROTEIN
-STRUCTURAL
-PROTECTION
-SUPPORT AND LOCOMOTION
-CATALYTIC
-TRANSPORT
-MEMBRANE COMPONENT
-SIGNALING