Endocrine System Organs

Major Endocrine Organ

Other Endocrine Organs

Anterior Lobe

adrenal glands

pineal gland

pancreas

thymus

heart

GI tract

placenta

skin

kidneys

thyrotropic cells

thyroid stimulating hormone

Thyroid gland

controls metabolic rate

corticotropic cells

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Adrenal Cortex

secrete hormones that help the body cope with stress

gonadotropic cells

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

gondas

stimulates the maturation of the sex cells & induces the secretion of sex hormones

Males

Females


Stimulates secretion of androgen, estrogen, and progesterone

Stimulates maturation of sperm and production of androgen-binding proteins

Stimulate the maturation of egg-containing ovaries follicles

Luteinizing hormone

Gonads

Females

triggers ovulation and stimulates production of estrogen and progesterone

Males

promotes testosterone production

Somatotropic cells

Growth Hormone

Liver , muscle, bone , cartilage, & other tissues

Stimulates protein synthesis and somatic growth, mobilizes fat, & increases blood glucose

prolactin cells

Prolactin Hormone

Breast glands & Lactiferous glands

stimulates the manufacture of milk

corticotropic cells

Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone

vertebras in reptiles

stimulates production of more melanin

Central nervous system in Humans

Appetite suppression

Posterior Pituitary Lobe

neuron cell bodies

Antidiuretic Hormone

Kidneys

reabsorbing water into the bloodstream

Oxytocin

Uterus

contraction of reproductive organs

Females

initiates labor, & breast milk ejection

Males

desire to cuddle and bond with mate

Parafollicular cells

Calcitonin Hormone

lowers calcium levels in the blood

Parathyroid cells

parathyroid hormone

parathyroid gland

increases blood concentration of calcium

adrenal hormones

help people cope with danger, terror, and stress

medullary chromatin cells

Adrenal Medulla

Amine Hormones

enhance fight or flight response

Adrenal cortex

Corticosteroid Hormones/Steroid hormones

Mineralocorticoids/Aldosterome hormone

Glucocorticoids/Cortisol

initiated in kidneys

reabsorb sodium into the blood & increase blood volume

keep glucose levels high, redirect lymphocytes to lymphoid, depress inflammatory response

Adrenal androgens

Dehyroepiandrosterone Hormone

counteracts stress, boosts immunity, improves mood, antiaging

Melatonin Hormone

brain

regulates circadian rhythms

Alpha cells

glucagon protein hormone

Beta cells

insulin protein hormone

liver

liver

releases glucose & raises blood sugar levels

stores glucose & lowers lowers blood sugar levels

Delta cells

somatostatin peptide hormone

inhibits secretion of glucagon/ insulin by alpha /beta cells

PP Cells

pancreatic polypeptide hormone

inhibit exocrine activity of the pancreas

thymic hormones

white blood cells(T lymphocytes) arise from precursor cells and help the immune system

hormone renin

Atrial natriuretic peptide hormone

kidney

decreases excess blood, high blood pressure, high blood sodium concentration, increase secretion of salt

Gonads

sex hormones

Males

testosterone

females

reproductive organs/ testes

promote formation of sperm

reproductive organs/ovaries

estrogen

maintain reproductive organs & secondary sex characteristics

progesterone

uterus prepare for pregnancy

DNES cells

amine & peptide hormones

control blood chemistry, regulate digestion, adjust blood flow

multiple steroid hormones

influence the course of pregnancy

Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)

produced as an egg implants in the uterus

hormone indicates that you are pregnant

Vitamin D steroid hormone

signals adrenal cortex to secrete aldosteronre

other kidney cells

secrete erythropoietin

signal bone marrow to increase production of red blood cells

liver/kidney

calcium metabolism & intestine absorbs calcium from the diet