Endocrine System Organs
Major Endocrine Organ
Other Endocrine Organs
Anterior Lobe
adrenal glands
pineal gland
pancreas
thymus
heart
GI tract
placenta
skin
kidneys
thyrotropic cells
thyroid stimulating hormone
Thyroid gland
controls metabolic rate
corticotropic cells
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Adrenal Cortex
secrete hormones that help the body cope with stress
gonadotropic cells
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
gondas
stimulates the maturation of the sex cells & induces the secretion of sex hormones
Males
Females
Stimulates secretion of androgen, estrogen, and progesterone
Stimulates maturation of sperm and production of androgen-binding proteins
Stimulate the maturation of egg-containing ovaries follicles
Luteinizing hormone
Gonads
Females
triggers ovulation and stimulates production of estrogen and progesterone
Males
promotes testosterone production
Somatotropic cells
Growth Hormone
Liver , muscle, bone , cartilage, & other tissues
Stimulates protein synthesis and somatic growth, mobilizes fat, & increases blood glucose
prolactin cells
Prolactin Hormone
Breast glands & Lactiferous glands
stimulates the manufacture of milk
corticotropic cells
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone
vertebras in reptiles
stimulates production of more melanin
Central nervous system in Humans
Appetite suppression
Posterior Pituitary Lobe
neuron cell bodies
Antidiuretic Hormone
Kidneys
reabsorbing water into the bloodstream
Oxytocin
Uterus
contraction of reproductive organs
Females
initiates labor, & breast milk ejection
Males
desire to cuddle and bond with mate
Parafollicular cells
Calcitonin Hormone
lowers calcium levels in the blood
Parathyroid cells
parathyroid hormone
parathyroid gland
increases blood concentration of calcium
adrenal hormones
help people cope with danger, terror, and stress
medullary chromatin cells
Adrenal Medulla
Amine Hormones
enhance fight or flight response
Adrenal cortex
Corticosteroid Hormones/Steroid hormones
Mineralocorticoids/Aldosterome hormone
Glucocorticoids/Cortisol
initiated in kidneys
reabsorb sodium into the blood & increase blood volume
keep glucose levels high, redirect lymphocytes to lymphoid, depress inflammatory response
Adrenal androgens
Dehyroepiandrosterone Hormone
counteracts stress, boosts immunity, improves mood, antiaging
Melatonin Hormone
brain
regulates circadian rhythms
Alpha cells
glucagon protein hormone
Beta cells
insulin protein hormone
liver
liver
releases glucose & raises blood sugar levels
stores glucose & lowers lowers blood sugar levels
Delta cells
somatostatin peptide hormone
inhibits secretion of glucagon/ insulin by alpha /beta cells
PP Cells
pancreatic polypeptide hormone
inhibit exocrine activity of the pancreas
thymic hormones
white blood cells(T lymphocytes) arise from precursor cells and help the immune system
hormone renin
Atrial natriuretic peptide hormone
kidney
decreases excess blood, high blood pressure, high blood sodium concentration, increase secretion of salt
Gonads
sex hormones
Males
testosterone
females
reproductive organs/ testes
promote formation of sperm
reproductive organs/ovaries
estrogen
maintain reproductive organs & secondary sex characteristics
progesterone
uterus prepare for pregnancy
DNES cells
amine & peptide hormones
control blood chemistry, regulate digestion, adjust blood flow
multiple steroid hormones
influence the course of pregnancy
Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)
produced as an egg implants in the uterus
hormone indicates that you are pregnant
Vitamin D steroid hormone
signals adrenal cortex to secrete aldosteronre
other kidney cells
secrete erythropoietin
signal bone marrow to increase production of red blood cells
liver/kidney
calcium metabolism & intestine absorbs calcium from the diet