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HARDWARE ((MOTHERBOARD, FUNTIONS OF ADAPTER CARD A circuit board that…

HARDWARE ((MOTHERBOARD, FUNTIONS OF ADAPTER CARD
A circuit board that enchances funtions of the component of a system unit and provides connections to other peripherals., TYPES OF ADAPTER CARD
FIREWIRE CARD
Connects to FireWire devices.
MODEM
Connects other computers through telephone lines, cable television lines, or other transmission media.
MIDI CARD
Connects musical instruments
NETWORK CARD
Connects other computers and peripherals.
SOUND CARD
Enables users to attach speakers to a PC and provides sound capabilities.
USB
Connects to USB devices
VIDEO
Connects a monitor
PC to TV Converter
Connect a televisyen
TV Tuner
Allows viewing of televisyen channels on the monitor., ADAPTER CARD), (3 Basic Components of Motherboard

PROSESSOR SLOT
Processor slot is a slot on the motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface with the CPU.
MEMORY SLOTS
Memory slots are slots on the motherboard that hold memory modules.
ADAPTER CARD SLOTS
Expansion slots on the motherboard that can hold adapter card.

), DEFINITION
Motherboard is a main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it., FUNTION
The functions of the motherboard are:
Holds many components of the system.
Provides connectors for other peripherals., DEFINITION
An electronic component on a computer's motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instuctions that operate the computer., FUNTION
Iterprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer., 2 BASIC COMPONENTD OF PROCESSOR

CONTROL UNIT (CU)
Funtion: Directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
ARIMETIC LOGIC UNIT (ALU)
Funtion: Performs arithmetic and logical operations.

, MACHINE CYCLE
4 BASIC OPERATIONS IN MACHINE CYCLE

FETCH: Fetches the instuctions or data item from memory.
DECODE: Decodes the instuctions into commands and sends the instructions to the ALU.
EXECUTE: Executing the commands and if necessary.
STORE: The results are stored in memory.

, EXAMPLE STEPS IN MECHINE CYCLE

The control unit fetches the math problems instuctions and data from memory.
The control unit decodes thye math problems instructions and sends the instructions and data to the ALU.
The ALU performs calculations on the data.
The results of the math problems are stored in memory.

, PROCESSOR, DEFINITION
Consists of the electronic components that store instuctions waiting to be executed by the processor., FUNTION
To store data and instructions waiting to be executed and the results of processing the data(information)., TYPES OF MEMORY

VOLATILE
Description(RAM):
1.Also called main memory.
2.Can be read from and writteb to by processor.
3.Holds data or programs that are currently being used by the processor.
4.Assembled on a small circuit board called memory module which is plugged onto the memory slots.
DEFINITION: Will lost its cintents when the power is turned off or interrupted.
EXAMPLES: SRAM(static RAM), DRAM(dynamic RAM), MRAM(magnetoresistive RAM).
NON VOLATILE
Description(ROM):1.Data is prerecorded for read only and cannot be removed.
2.Contain a small startup program(BIOS) which is used to boot the computer.
Exists as a chip on the motherboard.
DEFINITION: Does not lose its contents even when the computer power is turned off.
EXAMPLES: PROM(Programmable ROM), EPROM(Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM)

, MEMORY, DEFINITION
INPUT
Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.
INPUT DEVICE
Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.
OUTPUT
Data that has been processed into a useful form.
OUTPUT DEVICE
Any type of hardware component that conveys information to one or more people., INPUT DEVICES
KEYBOARD
An input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructiond into a computer.
POINTING DEVICE
Input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen.
TOUCH SCREEN
A touch sensitive display device
PEN OUTPUT
You touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections.
GAME CONTROLLERS
Input device that directs movements and actions of on screen objects.
DIGITAL CAMERA
Mobile device that alloes users to take pictures and store the photigraphed images digitally.
VOICE INPUT
the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone.
AUDIO INPUT
the process of entering any sound into the computer such as speech, music, and sound effects.
VIDEO INPUT
process of capturing full motion images and storing them on a computer., OUTPUT DEVICES
DISPLAY DEVICE
an output device that visually conveys text, graphics, and video information.
PRINTER
an output device that produces text and graphics on a physical on a physical medium such as paper.
AUDIO OUTPUT DEVICE
a component of a computer that produces music, speech, or other sounds.
DATA PROJECTORS
a device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen so that an audience can see the image clearly., INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES, DEFINITION
STORAGE
storage holds data, instruction and information for future use.
STORAGE MEDIA
the fhysical material on which computer keeps data, instructions and information., TYPES OF STORAGE MEDIA
MAGNETIC STORAGE
Uses different patterns of magnetization on a magnetically coated surface to store information.
OPTICAL DISC
Store information in deformities on the surface of a circular disc and read this information by illuminating the surface with a laser diode and observing the reflection.
FLASH MEMORY
Data is retained in non volatile memory chips and contain no moving parts. Small, lightweight and highly reliable., STORAGE)